Annals of medicine
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Background: Ulcerative colitis (UC), which is characterized by chronic relapsing inflammation of the colon, results from a complex interaction of factors involving the host, environment, and microbiome. The present study aimed to investigate the gut microbial composition and metabolic variations in patients with UC and their spouses. Materials and Methods: Fecal samples were collected from 13 healthy spouses and couples with UC. 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing and metagenomics sequencing were used to analyze gut microbiota composition, pathways, gene expression, and enzyme activity, followed by the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes. ⋯ Conclusion: Our study revealed that cohabitation with UC patients decreased differences in the gut microbiome between healthy individuals and patients. Not only was the composition and diversity of the microbiota diminished, but active pathways also showed some decline. Furthermore, Firmicutes, Faecalibacterium, and the four related pathways may be associated with the pathological state of the host rather than with human behavior.
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Human metapneumovirus (HMPV) is a common respiratory pathogen that causes respiratory tract infections. In India, HMPV has been identified as one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in infants and young children with respiratory tract infections. The most reported sublineages of HMPV in India are B1, B2, A2b and A2c. ⋯ Clinical analysis showed that four cases had coinfections with other pathogens. Our extensive analysis of patient samples determined that HMPV, especially the A2c genotype, significantly contributed to SARI cases within our study population, which signifies the importance of considering HMPV as a probable aetiological agent when investigating SARI outbreaks.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Web application for assisting non-dermatology physicians in learning and managing patients with common cutaneous adverse drug reactions: a multicenter randomized controlled trial.
Cutaneous adverse drug reactions (CADRs) remain a challenge for non-dermatologists. Medical-related applications to assist in learning about and managing patients with CADRs are scarce. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy of a web application for non-dermatologists in managing CADRs by comparing the knowledge scores of users and non-users. ⋯ The web application for CADRs is an effective and convenient tool for assisting non-dermatologist physicians in learning and providing initial management with a high level of satisfaction. However, prospective long-term randomized controlled studies are required to confirm the efficacy of this tool.
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Observational Study
Clinical efficacy of dienogest against endometriomas with a maximum diameter of ≥4 cm.
This prospective observational study aims to demonstrate the clinical efficacy of dienogest in treating endometriomas with a maximum diameter of ≥4 cm. ⋯ Dienogest could effectively reduce the diameter and volume of endometriomas with a maximum diameter of ≥4 cm, improving anemia, as well as pain symptoms and preserving ovarian function.
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Hypertension is a prevalent chronic condition worldwide that can impact patients' quality of life. Oral antihypertensive drugs are widely used to manage high blood pressure, primarily by regulating the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system. Nevertheless, limited efficacy and low compliance represent significant obstacles, arising primarily from dose, duration, and medication type restrictions. ⋯ As a result, research has focused on using exercise therapy to treat hypertension. Tai Chi, a widely-practiced Chinese health exercise, has evolved into a form of exercise therapy that might help alleviate the risk associated with hypertension. Therefore, this article aims to outline the role of Tai Chi in preventing and managing hypertension.