Annals of medicine
-
Meta Analysis
Association of variant vitamin statuses and tuberculosis development: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Several studies have suggested an association between vitamin deficiency and the development of tuberculosis; however, the precise impact remains unclear. This study aimed to elucidate the relationship between distinct vitamin statuses and the occurrence of tuberculosis. ⋯ This meta-analysis indicated that people with tuberculosis exhibited low levels of vitamins A and D, while vitamin D deficiency was identified as a risk factor for tuberculosis. More randomized controlled interventions at the community levels should be recommended to determine the association between specific vitamin supplementation and tuberculosis onset.
-
The primary purposes were (a) to estimate the pooled effects of injury prevention programs (IPPs) on reducing overall and some specific body regions (lower extremity, thigh, knee, and ankle) injury incidence rates (IIRs) and (b) to compare the effects of single- and multi-component IPPs on mitigating injury risk in youth team sport athletes. A secondary objective was to explore the individual effects of different components on these IIRs. ⋯ The implementation of current IPPs in training sessions for several weeks has shown to be an effective strategy for reducing the risk of injury in youth team sport athletes by one-third. Indirect evidence suggests that strength, flexibility, and stability might be exercise components with the highest risk mitigation effects; however, more research is crucial to confirm our estimates with direct evidence.
-
Rapidly progressive interstitial lung disease (RP-ILD) is a frequent and serious manifestation of idiopathic inflammatory myopathy (IIM) associated with poor outcomes. Plasma exchange (PE) can quickly remove pathogenic substances from the blood. Therefore, PE may be efficacious in IIM patients who have elevated levels of autoantibodies, cytokines and chemokines, fighting for time for immunosuppressive therapy. However, the value of adding PE to immunosuppressants remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to determine the short-term outcomes, including the survival rate at 6 months and change of the laboratory data, of PE in combination with immunosuppressants and/or biologics in the treatment of IIM-RP-ILD. ⋯ The application of PE therapy plus treatment with corticosteroids, immunosuppressants and/or biologics was effective for patients with IIM-RP-ILD. PE may have additional supportive effect in intractable disease.
-
Meta Analysis
Prognostic impact of body composition in hepatocellular carcinoma patients with immunotherapy.
This study aims to examine the possible relationship between body composition parameters, sarcopenia, and clinical outcomes in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients who received immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) treatment. ⋯ The presence of sarcopenia and low SMI in HCC patients undergoing treatment with ICIs was found to be related to inferior treatment response and reduced long-term effectiveness.
-
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), an extensive autoimmune disorder, compromises viral resistance and alters immune responses post respiratory virus vaccines. This study aims to assess immune response levels and safety in SLE patients following respiratory virus vaccines. ⋯ Despite the reduced immune response and host protection in SLE patients post-Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) and influenza vaccines compared to the healthy population, safety profiles are comparable. Therefore, it is recommended that SLE patients receive COVID-19 and influenza viral vaccines to fortify their resistance.