Annals of medicine
-
Little is known how individual time-in-therapeutic-range (TTR) impacts the effectiveness and safety of warfarin therapy compared to direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). ⋯ The outcome was unsatisfactory in the two lowest TTR quartiles - in half of the patients treated with warfarin. The differences between the high TTR groups and standard dose DOACs were absent or modest.
-
Ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5) exposure adversely impacts child airway health; however, research on prenatal PM2.5 exposure, and child lung function is limited. We investigated these associations in the ECHO-PATHWAYS Consortium, focusing on the role of exposure timing during different phases of fetal lung development. ⋯ We did not find strong evidence of associations between prenatal ambient PM2.5 exposure and child lung function in a large, well-characterized study sample. However, there was a suggested adverse association between FEV1 and exposure during late pregnancy. The saccular phase of lung development might be an important window for exposure to PM2.5.
-
To evaluate the effectiveness of a machine learning based on computed tomography (CT) radiomics to distinguish nontuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary disease (NTM-PD) from pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB). ⋯ The CT radiomics features can help distinguish between NTM-PD and PTB. Among the four classifiers, SVM showed a stable performance in effectively identifying these two diseases.
-
To construct and evaluate a predictive model for in-hospital mortality among critically ill patients with acute kidney injury (AKI) undergoing continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT), based on nine machine learning (ML) algorithm. ⋯ Our study selected the optimal model and visualized it as a static and dynamic nomogram integrating clinical predictors, so that clinicians can personalized predict the in-hospital outcome of critically ill patients with AKI undergoing CRRT upon ICU admission.
-
Observational Study
Efficacy of dupilumab on chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps and concomitant asthma in biologic-naive and biologic-pretreated patients.
Dupilumab, an anti-IL-4 receptor monoclonal antibody (mAb), was recently approved for the treatment of severe chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP). The main objective of this study was to assess whether previous exposure to biological treatment affected the clinical outcomes in CRSwNP and asthma patients, treated with dupilumab over time. A collateral secondary objective was to analyse the effects over time of dupilumab in patients with and without aeroallergen sensitization. ⋯ Dupilumab improves symptom severity, polyp size, and health-related quality of life, regardless of the presence or absence of comorbid aeroallergen sensitization and previous administration of biologic therapy.