Respiratory medicine
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Respiratory medicine · Nov 2013
Increase of club cell (Clara) protein (CC16) in plasma and urine after exercise challenge in asthmatics and healthy controls, and correlations to exhaled breath temperature and exhaled nitric oxide.
Exercise is known to affect the airway epithelium through dehydration, followed by a release of mediators, such as club cell (Clara) protein (CC16). The aim of this study was to follow the CC16 levels at repeated time points in plasma and urine after exercise in asthmatic subjects and controls, and to relate the findings to exhaled breath temperature (EBT) and exhaled nitric oxide (NO). Twenty-two asthmatics and 18 healthy subjects performed an exercise challenge test on a treadmill. ⋯ In conclusion, this study shows that CC16 in plasma increased during 60 min after exercise, not synchronized with CC16 levels in urine. CC16 levels in plasma correlated to EBT and exhaled NO, reflecting an overall epithelial involvement. There was no difference between asthmatics and healthy controls, showing a physiological rather than pathophysiological response.
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Respiratory medicine · Nov 2013
Incidence of tuberculosis among anti-tumor necrosis factor users in patients with a previous history of tuberculosis.
We aimed to investigate the results of anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF) therapy in patients with a previous history of tuberculosis (TB). ⋯ Patients with IMIDs who have a previous history of TB can be treated with TNF antagonists with an acceptable incidence of TB, if LTBI treatment is performed based on clinical judgments including the adequacy of previous anti-TB treatment and recent contact history.
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Respiratory medicine · Nov 2013
Small airway impairment in moderate to severe asthmatics without significant proximal airway obstruction.
Asthma is a disease characterized by inflammation which affects both proximal and distal airways. We evaluated the prevalence of small airway obstruction (SAO) in a group of clinically stable asthmatics with both normal forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1) and normal FEV1/forced vital capacity (FVC) and treated with an association of inhaled corticosteroids (ICSs) and long acting β2-agonists (LABAs). Clinical evaluation included the measurement of dyspnea, asthma control test and drug compliance. ⋯ At least one criteria of SAO was found in 115 (52%) mainly lung hyperinflation (39% based on high FRC, RV or RV/TLC) and more rarely distal airflow limitation (15% based on FEF25-75% or FEF50%) or expiratory trapping (10% based on increased SVC - FVC). In the patients with only SAO (no PAO), there was no relationship between SAO, asthma history and the scores of dyspnea, asthma control or drug compliance. These results suggest that in asthmatics with normal FEV1 and FEV1/FVC, treated with ICSs and LABAs, SAO is found in more than half of the patients indicating that the routinely used lung function tests can underestimate dysfunctions occurring in the small airways.
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Respiratory medicine · Oct 2013
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter StudySafety and efficacy of dual bronchodilation with QVA149 in COPD patients: the ENLIGHTEN study.
QVA149 is an inhaled, once-daily fixed-dose dual bronchodilator combination of the long-acting β2-agonist indacaterol and long-acting muscarinic antagonist glycopyrronium (NVA237) for the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). We investigated the safety and efficacy of QVA149 over 52 weeks. ⋯ QVA149 demonstrated a good safety and tolerability profile, providing rapid and sustained bronchodilation over 52 weeks in patients with moderate-to-severe COPD. ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT01120717.
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Respiratory medicine · Oct 2013
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter StudyEfficacy and safety of once-daily umeclidinium/vilanterol 62.5/25 mcg in COPD.
To examine the efficacy and safety of the once-daily, inhaled, long-acting muscarinic antagonist/β2-agonist combination umeclidinium/vilanterol (UMEC/VI) compared with UMEC and VI monotherapies in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). ⋯ Once-daily UMEC/VI 62.5/25 mcg was well tolerated and provided clinically-significant improvements in lung function and symptoms in patients with COPD.