Respiratory medicine
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Respiratory medicine · Aug 2013
Comparative StudyRisk factors for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in patients with community-onset and hospital-onset pneumonia.
The risk factors for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) pneumonia have not been fully characterized and are likely to be different depending on whether infection is acquired in the community or the hospital. ⋯ This case-control study showed that there are common and distinct risk factors associated with MRSA pneumonia depending on whether the infection onset is in the hospital or in the community. Recent hospitalization was unexpectedly shown to be associated with decreased risk for MRSA pneumonia and warrants further investigation.
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Respiratory medicine · Aug 2013
Fibrosing interstitial pneumonia predicts survival in patients with rheumatoid arthritis-associated interstitial lung disease (RA-ILD).
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a systemic autoimmune disorder with a variety of extra-articular manifestations. The lung is a common target and diffuse parenchymal lung disease can appear as any of the patterns found with idiopathic interstitial pneumonia. Controversy exists as to the prognostic significance of these patterns among patients with RA-ILD. ⋯ Both cellular and fibrosing ILD patterns are common among RA-ILD patients who undergo surgical lung biopsy. These patients have a shortened survival when compared to the general population and all-comers with RA. Age and the presence of a fibrosing interstitial pneumonia predict shortened survival in these patients. Survival in UIP is similar to matched IPF patients.
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Respiratory medicine · Jul 2013
Mortality differences among hospitalized patients with community-acquired pneumonia in three world regions: results from the Community-Acquired Pneumonia Organization (CAPO) International Cohort Study.
Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) causes considerable worldwide mortality, but limited data compare the mortality in different regions of the world. Our objective was to determine if there was a difference in mortality among hospitalized patients with CAP in three continental regions of the world. ⋯ There was an observed discrepancy in CAP mortality between three world regions. Identified factors that contributed to these differences included incidence of H1N1 infection, elevated BUN, cerebrovascular disease, macrolide use, fluoroquinolone use, and vaccinations. Treatment regimen (fluoroquinolone and macrolide use) and preventive measures (vaccinations) were variables that may be modified to help alleviate the differences.
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Respiratory medicine · Jul 2013
Symptoms of airway reflux predict exacerbations and quality of life in bronchiectasis.
We have explored the association of the upper airway symptoms related to cough with exacerbation frequency, sputum microbiology and inflammatory markers in patients with non cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis. ⋯ The symptoms of airway reflux independently predict severity and exacerbation frequency in non cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis.
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Respiratory medicine · Jul 2013
Multicenter StudyImpaired chronotropic response to 6-min walk test and reduced survival in interstitial lung disease.
Reduced chronotropic response to maximal exercise has been associated with poor survival in people without respiratory disease. The contribution of chronotropic response to exercise limitation and survival in interstitial lung disease (ILD) is not well defined. This study investigated the relationships between chronotropic response during 6-min walk test, exercise capacity and survival in ILD. ⋯ Impaired chronotropic response to 6-min walk test is associated with reduced 6MWD and reduced survival in ILD, independent of physical fitness and pulmonary hypertension. Investigation of the mechanisms underlying attenuated HR response to exercise in ILD is warranted.