Respiratory medicine
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Respiratory medicine · May 2013
Controlled Clinical TrialAerobic exercise and respiratory muscle strength in patients with cystic fibrosis.
The beneficial role of exercise in maintaining health in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) is well described. Few data exist on the effect of exercise on respiratory muscle function in patients with CF. Our objective was to compare respiratory muscle function indices in CF patients that regularly exercise with those CF patients that do not. ⋯ These results suggest that CF patients that undertake regular aerobic exercise maintain higher indices of respiratory muscle strength and lower PTImus values, while increased UAMA values in exercising patients highlight the importance of muscular competence in respiratory muscle function in this population.
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Respiratory medicine · May 2013
Multicenter StudyTrends in hospital admissions for acute exacerbation of COPD in Spain from 2006 to 2010.
We aim to analyze changes in incidence, comorbidity profile, length of hospital stay (LOHS), costs and in-hospital mortality (IHM) of patients hospitalized for acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AE-COPD) over a 5-year study period in Spain. ⋯ The current study provides data indicating a decrease in incidence of hospital admissions for AE-COPD in Spain from 2006 to 2010 with concomitant reduction in IHM, despite increasing comorbidity during this period, with no variations in LOHS. The mean cost per patient has risen significantly.
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Smoking is a growing concern among young women. However, the pulmonary effects of smoking in young female smokers in their 20's are unknown. ⋯ Young female smokers in their 20's and 30's demonstrate CT changes consistent with respiratory bronchiolitis and elevated plasma IL-6 levels. They also have "heavier" lungs compared with lifetime non-smokers. These data indicate that pathologic changes of smoking occur early in young female smokers in the absence of demonstrable airflow limitation or symptoms. Public health efforts to curb smoking in young women are clearly needed to reduce the burden of smoking related lung disease in women.
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Respiratory medicine · Apr 2013
CT and physiologic determinants of dyspnea and exercise capacity during the six-minute walk test in mild COPD.
We aimed to explore physiological responses to the six-minute walk test (6MWT) and assess computed tomographic (CT) features of the lungs and thigh muscle in order to determine contributors to dyspnea intensity and exercise limitation in dyspneic and non-dyspneic subjects with GOLD-1 COPD and controls. ⋯ Among subjects with mild COPD, those with daily-life dyspnea have worse exercise outcomes; distinct lung and thigh muscle morphologic features; and different pulmonary physiologic characteristics at rest and exercise. ΔIC was the main contributor to dyspnea intensity and ΔIC and thigh muscle wasting were determinants of exercise capacity.
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Respiratory medicine · Apr 2013
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter StudyA randomised trial of fluticasone furoate/vilanterol (50/25 μg; 100/25 μg) on lung function in COPD.
Fluticasone furoate (FF)/vilanterol (VI) is a novel once-daily inhaled corticosteroid/long-acting β2-agonist combination therapy for COPD. We aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of two strengths of FF/VI (100/25 μg; 50/25 μg) vs. individual components (FF 100 μg, VI 25 μg) and placebo over 24 weeks. ⋯ In subjects with moderate-to-severe COPD, FF/VI 100/25 μg provides rapid and significant sustained bronchodilation at 24 weeks. Lung function is improved to a similar extent with FF/VI 50/25 μg and to a somewhat lesser extent with VI 25 μg. All treatments were well tolerated. GSK study number: HZC112206. ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT01053988.