Journal of neurosurgical anesthesiology
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J Neurosurg Anesthesiol · Jul 2013
Diazepam inhibits proliferation of human glioblastoma cells through triggering a G0/G1 cell cycle arrest.
Glioblastoma (GBM), the most common primary brain tumor, is the most aggressive malignancy in humans. Its rapid proliferation is a major obstacle to successful treatment. Patients with GBM often suffer from psychological disturbances associated with poor prognosis and physical discomfort. Diazepam is one of the most frequently used benzodiazepines (BZs) in cancer patients for its desirable psychotropic effects. The central effects of BZs are mediated by the activation of central BZ receptors. This study investigates whether diazepam has inhibitory effect on proliferation of GBM cell line T98G and explores its possible mechanism. ⋯ Diazepam inhibits the proliferation of human GBM T98G cells by inducing G0/G1 phase arrest. Diazepam has potential to be a lead for new drugs in GBM therapy because of its antitumor activity.
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J Neurosurg Anesthesiol · Jul 2013
Pulsed radiofrequency for the suprascapular nerve for patients with chronic headache.
Chronic shoulder or suprascapular pain is a disabling phenomenon. Chronic headache is also a disabling phenomenon for many patients. Once it was believed that chronic headache that is attributed to the cervical spine originates from the upper cervical nerve roots (C0-C3). Currently, it is suggested by some authors that the reason for headache in many patients is attributed to the lower cervical nerve roots in the cervical spine. The suprascapular nerve originates from the C5 and C6 nerve roots and supplies the suprascapular and shoulder region. Pulsed radiofrequency (PRF) has gained popularity over recent years as a good clinical tool in treating patients with shoulder/suprascapular pain. It is usually considered as a treatment option after conservative treatment has failed. The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether PRF for the suprascapular nerve has also beneficial effect for patients that have also chronic headache that is attributed to the lower cervical nerve roots. ⋯ PRF for the suprascapular nerve is a safe and an effective procedure for patients who suffer from shoulder/suprascapular pain and also for headache that is attributed to the lower cervical nerve roots. It should be tried after conservative treatment has failed.
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J Neurosurg Anesthesiol · Jul 2013
The effects of peritoneal dialysis on blood glutamate levels: implementation for neuroprotection.
Previous study has demonstrated the efficacy of hemodialysis in reducing blood glutamate levels. The purpose of the present study is to investigate whether peritoneal dialysis (PD) may be effective in lowering blood glutamate levels, which may serve as a potential tool for improving neurological function after brain injury. ⋯ We demonstrated that PD is an effective modality in reducing blood glutamate concentrations. This method may be potentially utilized for the treatment of acute and chronic brain disorders that are accompanied by elevated glutamate in the brain's extracellular fluid. Considering the rapid saturation of the PD solution with glutamate, we recommend frequent dwelling of the PD solution in order to maintain low concentrations of blood glutamate.
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J Neurosurg Anesthesiol · Jul 2013
Hypocapnia in aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: incidence and association with poor clinical outcomes.
The impact of hypocapnia on outcome in aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is unclear, although hypocapnia is associated with poor outcome in other brain injuries. We sought to determine the incidence and impact of hypocapnia in mechanically ventilated patients with aneurysmal SAH. ⋯ Hypocapnia is common in ventilated patients with aneurysmal SAH, and a significant proportion of this developed spontaneously despite minimal ventilator support. The duration of hypocapnia is independently associated with poor functional outcomes and symptomatic vasospasm. Further study is warranted to confirm a causal link between hypocapnia and poor outcomes, and to confirm whether tight control of PaCO2 might improve outcomes in aneurysmal SAH.
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J Neurosurg Anesthesiol · Jul 2013
Propofol promotes proliferation of cultured adult rat hippocampal neural stem cells.
The effect of propofol on proliferation of adult neural stem cells (ANSCs) is unclear. We investigated the effect of propofol on cultured rat ANSCs and the underlying molecular mechanisms, especially the role of activated cAMP response element binding protein (CREB). ⋯ Propofol acts partly through a Ca-mediated pathway to enhance CREB phosphorylation. We believe this mechanism promotes the in vitro proliferation of ANSCs.