Journal of neurosurgical anesthesiology
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J Neurosurg Anesthesiol · Apr 2023
Meta AnalysisInhalational Versus Propofol-based Intravenous Maintenance of Anesthesia for Emergence Delirium in Adults: A Meta-analysis and Trial Sequential Analysis.
Emergence delirium (ED) is a severe postoperative complication that increases the risk for injury, self-extubation, and hemorrhage. Inhalational maintenance of anesthesia is a risk factor for ED in pediatric patients, but its impact in adults is undefined. This meta-analysis compares the incidence of ED between inhalational and propofol-based intravenous maintenance of anesthesia. ⋯ Compared with propofol-based intravenous maintenance of anesthesia, inhalational maintenance increased the incidence of ED in adults (risk ratio [RR], 2.02; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.30-3.14; P =0.002). This was confirmed by sensitivity analysis, trial sequential analysis, and subgroup analyses of studies that assessed ED via Aono's four-point scale (RR, 3.72; 95% CI: 1.48-9.31; P =0.005) and the Ricker Sedation Agitation Scale (RR, 3.48; 95% CI: 1.66-7.32; P =0.001), studies that included sevoflurane for maintenance of anesthesia (RR, 1.87; 95% CI: 1.13-3.09; P =0.02), studies that reported ED as the primary outcome (RR, 2.73; 95% CI: 1.53-4.86; P =0.0007), and studies that investigated ocular (RR, 2.98; 95% CI: 1.10-8.10; P =0.03), nasal (RR; 95% CI: 1.27-6.50; P =0.01), and abdominal (RR, 3.25; 95% CI: 1.12-9.40; P =0.03) surgeries, but not intracranial surgery (RR, 0.72; 95% CI: 0.34-1.54; P =0.40). In summary, inhalational maintenance of sevoflurane was a risk factor for ED compared with propofol-based intravenous maintenance in adults who underwent ocular, nasal, and abdominal surgeries but not intracranial surgery.
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J Neurosurg Anesthesiol · Jan 2023
Review Meta AnalysisThe Regional Cerebral Oxygen Saturation Effect of Inotropes/Vasopressors Administered to Treat Intraoperative Hypotension: A Bayesian Network Meta-analysis.
One of the main concerns of intraoperative hypotension is adequacy of cerebral perfusion, as cerebral blood flow decreases passively when mean arterial pressure falls below the lower limit of cerebral autoregulation. Treatment of intraoperative hypotension includes administration of drugs, such as inotropes and vasopressors, which have different pharmacological effects on cerebral hemodynamics; there is no consensus on the preferred drug to use. We performed a network meta-analysis (NMA) to pool and analyze data comparing the effect on cerebral oxygen saturation (ScO 2 ) measured by cerebral oximetry of various inotropes/vasopressors used to treat intraoperative hypotension. ⋯ Compared with the other inotropes/vasopressors, phenylephrine decreased ScO 2. Because of the inherent imprecision of direct/indirect comparisons, the rank orders are possibilities, not absolute ranks. Therefore the results of this NMA should be interpreted with caution.
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J Neurosurg Anesthesiol · Jan 2022
Meta AnalysisComparison of the Asleep-Awake-Asleep Technique and Monitored Anesthesia Care During Awake Craniotomy: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
Awake craniotomy (AC) is the preferred surgical option for intractable epilepsy and resection of tumors adjacent to or within eloquent cortical areas. Monitored anesthesia care (MAC) or an asleep-awake-asleep (SAS) technique is most widely used during AC. We used a random-effects modeled meta-analysis to synthesize the most recent evidence to determine whether MAC or SAS is safer and more effective for AC. ⋯ SAS 3.96 vs. 6.75 days; mean difference, -1.30; 95% CI: -2.69 to 0.10; P=0.07). In summary, MAC was associated with lower AC failure rates and shorter procedure time compared with SAS, whereas SAS was associated with a lower incidence of intraoperative seizures. However, there was a high risk of bias and other limitations in the studies included in this review, so the superiority of 1 technique over the other needs to be confirmed in larger randomized studies.
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J Neurosurg Anesthesiol · Oct 2021
Meta AnalysisHemodynamic Monitoring in Patients With Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) often causes cardiopulmonary dysfunction. Therapeutic strategies can be guided by standard (invasive arterial/central venous pressure measurements, fluid balance assessment), and/or advanced (pulse index continuous cardiac output, pulse dye densitometry, pulmonary artery catheterization) hemodynamic monitoring. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature to determine whether standard compared with advanced hemodynamic monitoring can improve patient management and clinical outcomes after aSAH. ⋯ The incidence of delayed cerebral ischemia was lower in the advanced compared with standard hemodynamic monitoring group (relative risk [RR]=0.71, 95% confidence interval [CI]=0.52-0.99; P=0.044), but there were no differences in neurological outcome (RR=0.83, 95% CI=0.64-1.06; P=0.14), pulmonary edema onset (RR=0.44, 95% CI=0.05-3.92; P=0.46), or fluid intake (mean difference=-169 mL; 95% CI=-1463 to 1126 mL; P=0.8) between the 2 groups. In summary, this systematic review and meta-analysis found only low-quality evidence to support the use of advanced hemodynamic monitoring in selected aSAH patients. Because of the small number and low quality of studies available for inclusion in the review, further studies are required to investigate the impact of standard and advanced hemodynamic monitoring-guided management on aSAH outcomes.
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J Neurosurg Anesthesiol · Jan 2021
Meta Analysis Comparative StudyHypertonic Saline Versus Mannitol for Traumatic Brain Injury: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis With Trial Sequential Analysis.
Mannitol and hypertonic saline are widely used to treat raised intracranial pressure (ICP) after traumatic brain injury (TBI), but the clinical superiority of one over the other has not been demonstrated. ⋯ There are indications that HS might be superior to mannitol in the treatment of TBI-related raised ICP. However, there are insufficient data to reach a definitive conclusion, and further studies are warranted.