The Journal of neuropsychiatry and clinical neurosciences
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J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci · Jan 2007
Mood-elevating effects of opioid analgesics in patients with bipolar disorder.
Opioids can have mood-elevating effects in healthy subjects and have been used successfully to treat refractory depressed patients. A few case reports indicate that opioid analgesics can induce mania. ⋯ None of the comparison subjects reported a significant mood reaction from opioid analgesics. These results indicate that opioid analgesics can have an important mood-altering effect on patients with known bipolar disorder.
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J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci · Jan 2007
Review Meta AnalysisPsychopathology in verified Huntington's disease gene carriers.
Huntington's disease is characterized by motor, cognitive, and neuropsychiatric symptoms. This study reviews original research on psychopathology in Huntington's disease that uses standardized instruments in verified gene carriers. ⋯ Available research provides little insight into the true prevalences of psychopathology in Huntington's disease due to small sample sizes, use of different methodologies, and lack of comparison groups. Future research requires larger cohorts stratified to disease stage, consistent methodologies, and adequate comparison groups.
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J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci · Jan 2007
Cumulative Exposure to General anesthesias and cognitive dysfunction at age 75 in the Vienna Transdanube Aging "VITA" study.
Some reports have described general anesthesias as a risk factor for dementia in the elderly. The authors investigated whether the number of general anesthesias during a lifetime was associated with cognitive functioning in the community-based age cohort of a geographical area of Vienna. ⋯ The number of general anesthesias was not associated with extensive psychometric data. Cognitive dysfunction at age 75 was significantly associated with level of education, a history of major head trauma, and having lived in a rural environment during childhood.
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The authors present a cross-sectional survey designed to evaluate the presence of delirium in patients with neurological emergencies. Two hundred and two patients were included in the study: 14.9% of subjects had delirium; 62.4% had no arousal disturbances; and 22.7% presented a coma or stupor state. Findings revealed that the presence of a cerebral infection, the presence of multiple etiologies, and the location of lesions in the frontal and temporal lobes were all associated with delirium. Results substantiate that delirium is a frequent occurrence in neurological patients and that the presence of multiple etiologies must be investigated in each patient.