Ostomy/wound management
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Ostomy/wound management · Jan 2017
Pressure Ulcer Risk and Prevention Practices in Pediatric Patients: A Secondary Analysis of Data from the National Database of Nursing Quality Indicators®.
Little is known about pressure ulcer prevention practice among pediatric patients. To describe the frequency of pressure ulcer risk assessment in pediatric patients and pressure ulcer prevention intervention use overall and by hospital unit type, a descriptive secondary analysis was performed of data submitted to the National Database for Nursing Quality Indicators® (NDNQI®) for at least 3 of the 4 quarters in 2012. Relevant data on pressure ulcer risk from 271 hospitals across the United States extracted from the NDNQI database included patient skin and pressure ulcer risk assessment on admission, time since the last pressure ulcer risk assessment, method used to assess pressure ulcer risk, and risk status. ⋯ The frequency of prevention intervention use among those at risk ranged from 99.2% for skin assessment to 70.7% for redistribution surface use. Most pediatric patients are being assessed for pressure ulcer risk, but the implementation of interventions to prevent pressure ulcers among children needs to be improved. Future qualitative research should be conducted to determine how and when clinical judgment is used to assess pressure ulcer risk and the type of pressure-redistribution surfaces used among younger pediatric patients.
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Ostomy/wound management · Jan 2017
The Ostomy-Q: Development and Psychometric Validation of an Instrument to Evaluate Outcomes Associated with Ostomy Appliances.
Using an ostomy appliance can affect many aspects of a person's health-related quality of life (HRQL). A 2-part, descrip- tive study was designed to develop and validate an instrument to assess quality-of-life outcomes related to ostomy ap- pliance use. Study inclusion/exclusion criteria stipulated participants should be 18 to 85 years of age, have an ileostomy or colostomy, used an appliance for a minimum of 3 months without assistance, and able to complete an online survey. ⋯ The Ostomy-Q showed good convergent validity with other instruments to which it was compared (P <.01). In this study, the Ostomy-Q was found to be a reliable and valid outcome measure that can enhance understanding of the impact of ostomy appliances on users. Some items for social relationships and discreetness may need more exploring in the future with other patient groups.
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Ostomy/wound management · Jul 2016
ReviewA Quantitative, Pooled Analysis and Systematic Review of Controlled Trials on the Impact of Electrical Stimulation Settings and Placement on Pressure Ulcer Healing Rates in Persons With Spinal Cord Injuries.
Pressure ulcers (PrUs) are among the most common secondary complications following spinal cord injury (SCI). External electrical current applied to a wound is believed to mimic the body's natural bioelectricity and to restart and stimulate endogenous electrical fields to promote wound healing. A systematic review was conducted to critically appraise and synthesize updated evidence on the impact of electrical stimulation (ES) versus standard wound care (comprising cleansing, dressing, nutrition, and debridement as necessary) and/or sham stimulation on PrU healing rates in persons with SCIs. ⋯ The data suggest pulsed current ES increased the healing rate (MD 6.27, 95% CI 2.77-9.78, P = 0.0005; N = 6 studies and 509 ulcers) more than constant current (MD 4.50, 95% CI 1.19-10.18, P = 0.12; N = 2 studies and 200 ulcers). In addition, wounds with electrodes overlaying the wound bed seemed to heal ulcer faster than wounds with electrodes placed on intact skin around the ulcer. Future preclinical, in vivo models and clinical trials examining the impact of electrodes configuration for PrU healing are warranted.
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Ostomy/wound management · Mar 2016
The Effects of Argan Oil in Second-degree Burn Wound Healing in Rats.
Argan oil, produced from the kernels of the argan tree (Argania spinosa), has been shown to have antioxidant properties. To examine the effect of argan oil in second-degree burn wound healing, an in vivo experiment was conducted among 30 adult male Wistar rats divided into 5 equal groups: a sham group, a control group (burned but no topical agent), a group in which argan oil was applied once a day, a group in which argan oil was applied twice a day, and a group treated with 1% silver sulfadiazine once a day. Second-degree burns were created by scalding hot water (85˚ C for 15 seconds). ⋯ Histopathological assessments on days 3, 7, and 14 showed greater healing/contraction in both argan oil and silver sulfadiazine groups compared to the control group. These results suggest argan oil is effective in healing experimentally created second-degree burns in rats. Prospective, randomized, controlled clinical studies are needed to evaluate the safety, efficacy, and effectiveness of this treatment modality for patients with second-degree burn wounds.
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Ostomy/wound management · Feb 2016
Critical Evaluation of the Jackson/Cubbin Pressure Ulcer Risk Scale - A Secondary Analysis of a Retrospective Cohort Study Population of Intensive Care Patients.
Although the Jackson/Cubbin pressure ulcer (PU) risk scale performs best among risk scales used in intensive care units (ICUs), its performance was not fully satisfactory. In 2010, a minimally modified Jackson/Cubbin (mJ/C) PU risk scale was introduced to formalize PU risk assessment in a large medical-surgical ICU in Finland. The purpose of this secondary analysis was to examine whether individual categories of the mJ/C scale have similar weight and whether the scores within each category (from 1 to 4; 1 equaling highest risk and 4 equaling lowest risk) are linear, as is assumed for the original and modified scales. ⋯ The categories respiration and oxygen requirement and the categories mental condition, mobility, and hygiene may overlap. The importance of the incontinence category depends on the frequency of urinary and fecal incontinence management system usage. A simpler, more valid and more sensitive risk assessment scale than the current Jackson/Cubbin scale is needed for ICU patients.