Laryngo- rhino- otologie
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Laryngo- rhino- otologie · Sep 2012
Review[Diagnosis and treatment of frontobasal cerebrospinal fluid fistulas].
Independent of its origin a frontobasal cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) fistula is characterized by an open connection between the intracranial space with the outside world (usually the nose and paranasal sinuses). It leads to loss of CSF and is associated with a significant risk of developing meningitis for the patient during further life. ⋯ Further, laboratory tests to analyse fluid samples for cerebrospinal fluid as well as radiological and endoscopic investigation methods aiming to localize a CSF-fistula are presented. Finally, surgical techniques to close a frontobasal CSF fistula are explained.
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Laryngo- rhino- otologie · Mar 2012
Review[Head impulse test and vibratory test in the diagnosis of vertigo].
One of the most important questions within the field of vertigo-diagnosis is the proof or the exclusion of a vestibular impairment, the spectrum of appropriate diagnostic tools has been expanded by the head impulse test and the vibratory test in the last years. The head impulse test is a method to examine the functionality of single semicircular canals. As clinical "bedside test" it is an already established part of the diagnostic procedures, as an apparative method with registration and quantitative analysis, however, it is available for general in-office use only recently. ⋯ As a basis of a sophisticated vestibular diagnosis the test is less suitable, however, it is an absolutely valuable method to detect peripheral or central vestibular imbalances. In this regard the vibratory test is superior to other methods as for example the head shaking test. In the following article an overview concerning the physiological, methodical, and clinical aspects of the head impulse test and the vibratory test will be given.