American journal of reproductive immunology : AJRI
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Am. J. Reprod. Immunol. · Mar 2010
The persistence of paternal antigens in the maternal body is involved in regulatory T-cell expansion and fetal-maternal tolerance in murine pregnancy.
Mammalian pregnancy is a state of immunological tolerance and CD4(+) CD25(+) regulatory T cells (Treg) contribute to its maintenance. Knowing that Treg act in an antigen-specific way during pregnancy, we hypothesized that they are generated after maternal immune cells encounter paternal antigens. ⋯ Our data suggest that paternal antigens are processed early during pregnancy, which leads to the generation of Treg. The continuous release of placental antigens into the maternal circulation allows the maintenance of a Treg population which is specific for paternal antigens and mediates tolerance toward the semi-allogeneic fetus until the time point of birth.
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Am. J. Reprod. Immunol. · Apr 2007
Natural killer cell functional activity suppression by intravenous immunoglobulin, intralipid and soluble human leukocyte antigen-G.
The purpose of this study was to compare the ability of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg), intralipid and soluble human leukocyte antigen (sHLA)-G to suppress natural killer (NK) cell cytotoxicity in an in vitro assay. ⋯ Intravenous immunoglobulin, intralipid and sHLA-G suppressed NK cell cytotoxicity with equal efficacy in an in vitro assay.
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Am. J. Reprod. Immunol. · Nov 2004
Influence of thyroid autoimmunity and maternal age on the risk of miscarriage.
Recently, studies have shown an association between antiperoxidase for the detection of thyroid autoimmunity (TAI) and abortion. Another point to be considered is the association of high risk of abortion and maternal age. The aim of the present study was to evaluate if the association between TAI and miscarriage could also be verified whether a population of unselected pregnant young women who normally present a low risk of miscarriage. ⋯ We conclude that TAI is independently associated with is a higher risk of miscarriage in a population of unselected pregnant presenting a low risk of miscarriage.
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Am. J. Reprod. Immunol. · Aug 2002
Expression of intracellular Th1 and Th2 cytokines in women with recurrent spontaneous abortion, implantation failures after IVF/ET or normal pregnancy.
We aimed to investigate absolute counts of intracellular T helper 1 (Th1) and Th2 cytokine expressing T-cell subpopulations in women with three or more recurrent spontaneous abortions (RSA), multiple implantation failures after in-vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF/ET) (three or more) or during normal pregnancy. ⋯ Absolute counts of IFN-gamma, IL-4, and TNF-alpha expressing T cells decrease with the progress of gestation (third trimester) during normal pregnancies. In women with implantation failures, absolute cell counts of TNF-alpha expressing CD3+/ 4- cells reflects the presence of dominant Th1 immune response. A significantly increased Th1 cytokine expression may be the underlying immune etiology for reproductive failures.