Burns : journal of the International Society for Burn Injuries
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The contribution of various volcanic phenomena to immediate soft tissue injury types has received limited attention challenging emergency management planning. This integrative review sought to investigate the immediate types of soft tissue-related injury sustained following volcanic eruptions. ⋯ Volcanic eruptions simultaneously present multiple hazards with immediate/short term health consequences across three major levels (i.e., respiratory, ocular, and skin, including deep tissues). Hazard(s) differ by time of onset and associated mostly with the eruptive phenomena. Understanding local volcanic phenomenon is essential to assisting health personnel provide informed and timely care.
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Tissue engineering is an emerging method for replacing damaged tissues. In this study, the potential application of electrospun polycaprolactone/chitosan/ the internal layer of oak fruit (Jaft) as skin scaffolds was investigated. A combination of Polycaprolactone (PCL), chitosan (CH), and the internal layer of oak fruit (Jaft) was used to incorporate mechanical properties of synthetic polymers, biological properties of natural polymers, and antibacterial activity of Jaft. ⋯ Furthermore, SEM images of cultured scaffolds, trypan blue exclusion assay, and DAPI staining confirmed that fibroblast cells could be well-attached and proliferate on the PCL/CH/Jaft scaffolds. Results have proven that this novel bioactive scaffold has promising mechanical properties, suitable biocompatibility in vitro, and in vivo. Consequently, it could be a promising candidate for skin tissue engineering applications.
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Observational Study
Resistin forms a network with inflammatory cytokines and is associated with prognosis in major burns.
In current intensive care treatment, some patients with severe burns cannot be saved due to progressive organ failure. Further investigation of the pathogenesis of severe burns is needed to improve the mortality rate. In burns, inflammatory cytokines form a network that leads to an inflammatory response. Adipocytes secrete physiologically active substances (adipokines). The roles of adipokines have not been completely clarified in burn patients. This study aimed to determine the relation between serial changes of adipokines and clinical course in severely burned patients. ⋯ In the acute phase of burns, resistin was associated with other pro-inflammatory cytokines and was related to the severity and prognosis of major burns.
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Emerging evidence suggests that individual levels of sensory sensitivity may impact treatment outcomes for people recovering from burn injuries. For example, individuals with higher levels of sensory sensitivity were less adherent with compression garment wear, often used for scar management. The purpose of this study was to characterise sensory patterns for a sample of burn-injured patients as a cohort, using normative data as the reference. As different patterns of sensory processing can have implications clinically, understanding this at the cohort level may provide valuable insight for therapy. ⋯ Higher reports of sensory sensitivity and sensory avoiding, and lower thresholds for touch and pain, have been correlated with tactile defensiveness. Tactile defensiveness has been associated with social withdrawal and isolation, all of which could contribute to decreased engagement in therapy. The ways in which these sensory characteristics impact on burn-related treatments, such as compression garment adherence, warrant further investigation.
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Tracheostomy is a strategy often employed in patients requiring prolonged intubation in ICU settings. Evidence suggests that earlier tracheostomy and early active exercise are associated with better patient centered outcomes. Severe burn patients often require prolonged ventilatory support due to their critical condition, complex sedation management and multiple operating room visits. It is still unclear the optimal timing for tracheostomy in this population. ⋯ Early tracheostomy in patients with severe burns is associated with earlier active exercise, fewer days of ventilation, shorter length of hospital stay and better physical functional independence upon discharge from hospital.