The Journal of invasive cardiology
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Right heart thrombus in the absence of structural heart disease, atrial fibrillation, or intracardiac catheter is rare. It typically represents a thrombus migrating from the venous system to the lung, known as thrombi-in-transit, and can lead to a life-threatening pulmonary embolism. The optimal therapy for thrombi-in-transit remains controversial. We report our experience using percutaneous removal of right heart thrombus using vacuum aspiration. ⋯ Vacuum-assisted thrombectomy can be a potential treatment option for hemodynamically stable patients with large right-sided intracardiac thrombus who are not surgical candidates.
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This study sought to investigate demographic, clinical, and procedural determinants of outcomes in patients treated with percutaneous veno-arterial (VA) extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) initiated in the cardiac catheterization laboratory with a portable system. ⋯ Lower presenting SOFA score and smaller cannula size were associated with increased survival in patients with cardiogenic shock (CS) or CA who underwent percutaneous VA-ECMO placed in the cardiac catheterization laboratory using a portable system. Calculation of the SOFA score at presentation may help physicians determine which patients may derive benefit from ECMO. Smaller cannula size, while decreasing the amount of flow, may result in decreased bleeding and increased survival.
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Pericardiocentesis under echocardiography guidance is a common procedure, but still poses a risk of injury to surrounding tissues. Nowadays, pericardiocentesis is being performed in patients with normal pericardium, for epicardial ablation or atrial appendage exclusion. Access to the normal pericardial space with the conventional needle procedure is very difficult. Thus, development of a novel method enabling safer pericardiocentesis is necessary. The present study aimed to assess the feasibility of using an originally developed ultrathin endoscopy-guided pericardiocentesis device in a swine model. ⋯ The study results indicate that ultrathin endoscopy-guided pericardiocentesis for normal pericardial space is feasible and safe.
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Case Reports
Ultrasound-Accelerated Thrombolysis in Patients With Intracardiac Thrombi: A Case Series.
We describe a case series of 3 patients presenting with intracardiac thrombi treated with standard anticoagulation therapy and intervention with ultrasound-accelerated thrombolysis therapy. Right-sided intracardiac thrombi portend significant mortality due to their susceptibility for embolization and pulmonary embolus despite the continuation of current standard of therapy of parenteral anticoagulation and surgical embolectomy if warranted. We demonstrate the safety and clinical efficacy of ultrasound-accelerated thrombolysis therapy with the EkoSonic Endovascular System infusion catheter system (EKOS Corporation) and highlight its use in resolving intracardiac thrombi and impeding the propagation of pulmonary emboli.
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Refractory cardiogenic shock (RCS) in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is associated with high rates of mortality. Smaller ventricular assist devices, such as the intraaortic balloon pump, provide limited support. Venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO) offers more robust mechanical ventricular support, but is not widely utilized by interventional cardiologists. This study aimed to evaluate the patient characteristics and outcomes of VA-ECMO with RCS in the setting of AMI. ⋯ VA-ECMO is infrequently used in patients for cardiopulmonary resuscitation in the AMI setting. When used judiciously, it has good clinical outcomes in this group of patients. However, use of VA-ECMO should be individualized based on vascular anatomy for best results. Close cooperation among interventional cardiologists, cardiovascular surgeons, cardiologists, cardiac intensivists, and perfusionists is essential for success of this therapy for RCS in AMI.