Clinical oncology : a journal of the Royal College of Radiologists
-
Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol) · Mar 2013
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter StudyInterim data from the Medical Research Council QUARTZ Trial: does whole brain radiotherapy affect the survival and quality of life of patients with brain metastases from non-small cell lung cancer?
Over 30% of patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) develop brain metastases. If inoperable, optimal supportive care (OSC), including steroids, and whole brain radiotherapy (WBRT) are generally considered to be standard care, although there is no randomised evidence demonstrating that the addition of WBRT to OSC improves survival or quality of life. ⋯ These interim data indicate no early evidence of detriment to quality of life, overall survival or QALYs for patients allocated to OSC alone. They provide key information for discussing the trial with patients and strengthen the argument for continuing QUARTZ to definitively answer this important clinical question.
-
Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol) · Mar 2013
Randomized Controlled TrialNeoadjuvant androgen deprivation therapy for prostate volume reduction, lower urinary tract symptom relief and quality of life improvement in men with intermediate- to high-risk prostate cancer: a randomised non-inferiority trial of degarelix versus goserelin plus bicalutamide.
The treatment of intermediate- to high-risk prostate cancer with radical radiotherapy is usually in combination with neoadjuvant androgen deprivation therapy. The aim of the present trial was to investigate whether degarelix achieves comparable efficacy with that of goserelin plus bicalutamide as neoadjuvant therapy before radiotherapy. ⋯ The efficacy of degarelix in terms of prostate shrinkage is non-inferior to that of goserelin plus bicalutamide. The added benefits of degarelix in terms of more pronounced lower urinary tract symptom relief in symptomatic patients could be the reflection of differences in the direct effects on extra-pituitary receptors in the lower urinary tract [Clinicaltrials.gov ID: NCT00833248].
-
Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol) · Feb 2013
ReviewPathological controversies in breast cancer: classification of ductal carcinoma in situ, sentinel lymph nodes and low volume metastatic disease and reporting of neoadjuvant chemotherapy specimens.
The pathological classification of breast cancer is constantly being updated to reflect the advances in our clinical and biological understanding of the disease. This overview examines new insights into the classification and molecular biology of ductal carcinoma in situ, the pathological handling of sentinel lymph node biopsies and the identification of low volume disease (micrometastases and isolated tumour cells) and the handling and reporting of specimens after neoadjuvant therapy. The molecular subtypes of invasive breast cancer are also represented in ductal carcinoma in situ. ⋯ The increasing use of neoadjuvant therapies has introduced challenges for the pathologist in the handling and interpretation of these specimens. Grading the tumour response, particularly the identification of a complete pathological response, is prognostically important. However, there is still marked variability in reporting these specimens in routine practice, and consensus guidelines for the histopathology reporting of breast cancers after neoadjuvant chemotherapy based on robust, validated evidence are presently lacking.
-
Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol) · Dec 2012
Comparative StudyA model of the cost-effectiveness of intensity-modulated radiotherapy in comparison with three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy for the treatment of localised prostate cancer.
To determine the cost-effectiveness of intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) compared with three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3DCRT) for men with localised prostate cancer from a UK National Health Service perspective. ⋯ If IMRT can be used to prolong survival, it is very cost-effective. Otherwise cost-effectiveness is uncertain.