European journal of internal medicine
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Eur. J. Intern. Med. · Jun 2023
Current evidence and clinical utility of phenobarbital for alcohol withdrawal syndrome.
Phenobarbital (PB) has been acknowledged among clinicians as a potential alternative to benzodiazepines (BZD) to decrease the need for hospital length of stay and complications associated with alcohol withdrawal syndrome (AWS). However, the level of evidence, including appropriate dosing, is unclear. We aim to summarize the evidence regarding PB used in AWS and provide future agendas for research. ⋯ This systematic review summarizes the current evidence related to PB use in AWS. While considerable heterogeneity exists among studies available, PB as monotherapy without BZD may be a safe and effective alternative in AWS treatment. Future prospective studies or trials should focus on the standardization of PB dosing and outcomes.
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Eur. J. Intern. Med. · Jun 2023
Prevalence, awareness, and treatment of isolated diastolic hypertension in the United States.
Isolated diastolic hypertension (IDH) is recognized as a risk factor for cardiovascular disease, yet its clinical epidemiology remains poorly understood due to insufficient recognition. This study aims to describe the trend in the prevalence, awareness, and treatment of IDH in the United States from 2001 to 2018. ⋯ IDH prevalence is decreasing from 2001-2002 to 2017-2018 in the United States. Despite the significantly increased in both awareness and treatment, they remain below 50%.