European journal of internal medicine
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Eur. J. Intern. Med. · Nov 2024
Modifiable lifestyle factors in the primordial prevention of hypertension in three US cohorts.
Evidence is lacking on the relative contributions of specific lifestyle factors and their overall contribution to prevention of hypertension, in particular early-onset hypertension. ⋯ Healthy weight during adulthood was most substantially associated with incident hypertension among lifestyle factors, but diet, physical activity, and alcohol intake were also related to the risk across all ages, and hypertension-free periods, with stronger associations in early-onset hypertension.
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Eur. J. Intern. Med. · Nov 2024
Adherence to the 2019 ESC/EAS guidelines for dyslipidaemia management in a large rheumatoid arthritis cohort: Data from the CORDIS Study Group of the Italian Society of Rheumatology.
Lipid-lowering therapy prescription is low in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients, often not achieving lipid threshold target despite treatment. However, evidence derives from small, monocentric cohorts. We assessed adherence to lipid-lowering treatment for primary cardiovascular (CV) prevention in a RA cohort according to international guidelines. ⋯ In a wide Italian RA cohort, more than 50% of patients had high or very high CV risk. In these, lipid-lowering treatment prescription is suboptimal leading to not achievement of LDL-c target. Physicians should improve lipid screening and primary prevention therapy to reduce CV risk and improve CV comorbidity in RA patients.
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Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors (RAASi) and mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRAs) are key drugs in the management of patients with cardiovascular diseases (CVD), particularly those with hypertension, diabetes, chronic kidney disease and heart failure (HF), given their demonstrated effectiveness in reducing the risk of both surrogate and hard endpoints. Despite their positive impact on the outcome, patients with RAASi and MRAs are particularly vulnerable to hyperkalaemia, with approximately 50 % of these individuals experiencing two or more recurrences annually. ⋯ Recent guidelines from cardiovascular and renal international societies increasingly recognize the need for alternative strategies to manage the risk of hyperkalaemia, allowing the continuation of RAASi and MRA therapies. In this review, we summarise the new potential options available to manage hyperkalaemia in patients with CVD and the recommendations of the most recent guidelines on the topic.