European journal of cancer : official journal for European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) [and] European Association for Cancer Research (EACR)
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Comparative Study
Time interval between neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy and surgery for oesophageal or junctional cancer: A nationwide study.
The optimal time between end of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) and oesophagectomy is unknown. The aim of this study was to assess the association between this interval and pathologic complete response rate (pCR), morbidity and 30-day/in-hospital mortality. ⋯ An interval of ≥10 weeks for adenocarcinoma and ≥13 weeks for squamous cell carcinoma between nCRT and oesophagectomy was associated with a higher probability of having a pCR. Longer intervals were not associated with intraoperative/postoperative complications. The 30-day/in-hospital mortality was higher in patients with extended intervals (10-12 and ≥15 weeks); however, this might have been due to residual confounding.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
The subgroups of the phase III RECOURSE trial of trifluridine/tipiracil (TAS-102) versus placebo with best supportive care in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer.
In the phase III RECOURSE trial, trifluridine/tipiracil (TAS-102) extended overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) with an acceptable toxicity profile in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer refractory or intolerant to standard therapies. The present analysis investigated the efficacy and safety of trifluridine/tipiracil in RECOURSE subgroups. ⋯ Trifluridine/tipiracil was effective in all subgroups, regardless of age, geographical origin or KRAS status. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT01607957.
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Breast cancer mortality is declining in most high-income countries. The role of mammography screening in these declines is much debated. Screening impacts cancer mortality through decreasing the incidence of number of advanced cancers with poor prognosis, while therapies and patient management impact cancer mortality through decreasing the fatality of cancers. ⋯ In contrast, the epidemiological data point to a marginal contribution of mammography screening in the decline in breast cancer mortality. Moreover, the more effective the treatments, the less favourable are the harm-benefit balance of screening mammography. New, effective methods for breast screening are needed, as well as research on risk-based screening strategies.
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Multicenter Study
Neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio kinetics in patients with advanced solid tumours on phase I trials of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors.
Although the neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is prognostic in many oncological settings, its significance in the immunotherapy era is unknown. Mechanistically, PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors may alter NLR. We sought to characterise NLR kinetics in patients with advanced solid tumours treated with PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors. ⋯ hNLR at baseline and during treatment is adversely prognostic in patients with advanced malignancies receiving PD-1/PD-L1 blockade. Importantly, NLR reduced over time in responders to immunotherapy. Taken together, these data suggest that baseline and longitudinal NLR may have utility as a unique biomarker to aid clinical decision-making in patients receiving immunotherapy.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Results of methotrexate-etoposide-ifosfamide based regimen (M-EI) in osteosarcoma patients included in the French OS2006/sarcome-09 study.
In most countries, reference chemotherapy for osteosarcoma is MAP regimen (M = high-dose methotrexate, AP = doxorubicin-cisplatinum). In France, the standard preoperative chemotherapy for children/adolescents combines M and etoposide-ifosfamide (EI), based on the OS94-trial. We report the safety and efficacy results of patients ≤25 years treated with preoperative M-EI regimen enroled in the French OS2006-study, between 2007 and 2014. ⋯ M-EI regimen/strategy was feasible for patient aged ≤25 years with survival rates are comparable to those obtained with MAP regimen.