Acta anaesthesiologica Scandinavica
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Jul 1998
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialPreoperative oral granisetron prevents postoperative nausea and vomiting.
Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is a commonly observed adverse effect of anaesthesia. This study was designed to evaluate the efficacy of granisetron administered orally for preventing PONV in female patients undergoing major gynaecological surgery. ⋯ Preoperative oral granisetron in a minimum dose of 2 mg is effective for preventing PONV after major gynaecological surgery.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Jul 1998
ReviewEpidural abscess complicating epidural anesthesia and analgesia. An analysis of the literature.
Epidural abscess is a serious complication of epidural block. Because of its low incidence, the risk factors and the symptoms and cause of epidural abscess related to epidural anesthesia and analgesia are not well known by anesthesiologists. ⋯ The index of suspicion among anesthesiologists, other physicians and nurses taking care of patients with epidural catheters must be increased for this complication; this should shorten the interval from symptoms to treatment and lower the incidence of neurological sequelae.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Jul 1998
Comparative StudyComparison of spontaneous frontal EMG, EEG power spectrum and bispectral index to monitor propofol drug effect and emergence.
The aim of this study was to investigate the accuracy of frontal spontaneous electromyography (SEMG) and EEG spectral edge frequency (SEF 95%), median frequency (MF), relative delta power (RDELTA) and bispectral index (BIS) in monitoring loss of and return of consciousness and hypnotic drug effect during propofol administration at different calculated plasma target concentrations. ⋯ The BIS might be an accurate measure to monitor depth of anaesthesia and hypnotic drug effect. Other neurophysiologic measures have limited value to monitor depth of anaesthesia and hypnotic drug effect.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Jul 1998
Comparative StudySpinal cord blood flow after intrathecal injection of ropivacaine and bupivacaine with or without epinephrine in rats.
Ropivacaine is a new local anaesthetic available for spinal and epidural anaesthesia. When new drugs are being introduced for spinal application, their effect on spinal cord blood flow (SCBF) should be studied for safety and toxicological aspects. In the present study, SCBF was studied after intrathecal (i.t.) application of ropivacaine and bupivacaine with and without epinephrine. ⋯ Ropivacaine and bupivacaine produce a dose-related, transient decrease in SCBF following i.t. administration in anaesthetized rats. However, the decrease in SCBF produced by both ropivacaine, when epinephrine was added in a concentration of 5 micrograms/ml. These results suggest that ropivacaine, like bupivacaine, may be used for spinal anaesthesia without important effects on SCBF.
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Anaesthetic practice for caesarean section has changed during the last decades. There is a world-wide shift in obstetric anaesthetic practice in favour of regional anaesthesia. Current data concerning anaesthetic practice in patients undergoing caesarean section from Germany are not available. A comparison with figures from the UK, USA, Norway and other European countries might be of general interest. ⋯ Compared to data from 1978, anaesthetic practice for caesarean section has changed with an increase in regional anaesthesia. However, German anaesthetists prefer general anaesthesia for caesarean section. In contrast, anaesthetists in other countries predominantly use regional techniques, and the difference to German practice is striking. International consensus discussion and recommendations as well as comparable European instruments of quality control in obstetric anaesthesia are desirable.