Acta anaesthesiologica Scandinavica
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Nov 1999
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialThe pressor response after laryngeal mask or cuffed oropharyngeal airway insertion.
Since the cuffed oropharyngeal airway (COPA) has been suggested to cause less pharyngeal trauma than the laryngeal mask airway (LMA), we conducted a prospective, randomised study to compare haemodynamic changes after placing either the COPA or LMA in healthy anaesthetised adults. ⋯ In healthy, anaesthetised patients, placing a cuffed oropharyngeal airway is associated with smaller cardiovascular changes after airway insertion compared with the laryngeal mask airway.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Nov 1999
Case ReportsUltrasonographically guided percutaneous dilatational tracheostomy after anterior cervical spine fixation.
Patients with anterior cervical spine fixation (ACSF) after acute spinal cord injury often require tracheostomy for prolonged ventilatory support and upper respiratory tract clearance. The authors report two patients with ACSF who underwent a successful ultrasonographically guided percutaneous tracheostomy with dilatation forceps technique. Possible advantages of the ultrasonographically guided method with dilatation forceps in patients with ACSF are discussed.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Nov 1999
Stereoselective pharmacokinetics of ketorolac in children, adolescents and adults.
Previous pharmacokinetic studies on racemic ketorolac using nonstereoselective analytical methods have indicated that the plasma clearance of ketorolac is higher and the volume of distribution greater in children than in adults. The aim of this study was to study the stereoselective pharmacokinetics of racemic ketorolac in children, adolescents and adults. ⋯ On a pharmacokinetic basis, the maintenance dose requirements of ketorolac are similar in children, adolescents and adults.
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Two young healthy non-asthmatic non-smoking patients developed partial laryngospasm directly post-anaesthesia extubation after routine varicocelectomy and perianal abscess drainage operations under general anaesthesia. Nitroglycerin was administered intravenously in a dose of 4 microg/kg for both cases. The laryngospasm was completely relieved within a minute of nitroglycerin administration in both cases and the relief was maintained thereafter. The two cases suggest that nitroglycerin can be effective in the treatment of post-extubation partial laryngospasm in ASA (class I) patients.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Nov 1999
Effects of intrathecal morphine, clonidine and baclofen on allodynia after partial sciatic nerve injury in the rat.
Increased response to mechanical or cold stimulation of hind paws was observed in rats with partial sciatic nerve injury as a result of photochemically induced ischemia. The present study examined the effects of intrathecal morphine, clonidine and baclofen on the allodynia-like responses. ⋯ The present data suggest that intrathecal morphine, and to some extent clonidine, but not baclofen, alleviated the abnormal pain-related behaviors in this new rat model of partial peripheral nerve injury. Differences in the pharmacological profile between the present model and other models of peripheral nerve injury are discussed.