Acta anaesthesiologica Scandinavica
-
Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Mar 1999
Influence of temperature on tracheal tube cuff pressure during cardiac surgery.
Lateral wall pressure may cause tracheal injury by affecting tracheal capillary blood flow. Damage to the trachea is less severe when lateral wall pressure exerted by the endotracheal tube cuff does not exceed the mean capillary perfusion pressure of the mucosa. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of hypothermic and normothermic cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) on tracheal tube cuff pressure dynamics. ⋯ We conclude that the ITCP is higher in normothermic CPB than in hypothermic CPB; however, the clinical significance of this observation needs further investigation.
-
Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Mar 1999
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialComparative effects of intravenous ketorolac and pethidine on perioperative analgesia and postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) for paediatric strabismus surgery.
Corrective strabismus surgery is associated with moderate pain and a very high incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV). Ketorolac tromethamine, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, is a popular analgesic in adults. There are only limited published data on the use of intravenous ketorolac for paediatric analgesia perioperatively. This study evaluated and compared the emetic and analgesic effect of ketorolac with pethidine and its suitability for this kind of surgery. ⋯ Ketorolac in a dose of 0.9 mg kg-1 i.v. at the induction of anaesthesia is as effective as pethidine 0.5 mg kg-1 i.v. as an analgesic and is associated with significantly less PONV.
-
Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Mar 1999
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialEffect and placebo effect of acupressure (P6) on nausea and vomiting after outpatient gynaecological surgery.
Acupuncture and acupressure have previously been reported to possess antiemetic effect. We wanted to investigate the "true" and placebo effect of acupressure in prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV). ⋯ In patients undergoing brief gynaecological surgery, placebo effect of acupressure decreased nausea after 24 h but vomiting and need of rescue antiemetics was reduced only by acupressure with the correct P6 point stimulation.
-
Nitric oxide (NO) is normally produced in the endothelium by the constitutive isoform of the NO synthase. This physiological production of NO is important for blood pressure regulation and blood flow distribution. Several lines of evidence suggest that a hyperproduction of NO by the inducible form of NO synthase (iNOS) may contribute to the hypotension, cardiodepression and vascular hyporeactivity in septic shock. ⋯ A main new aspect of this review is a critical discussion of previous reports measuring plasma nitrite/nitrate during septic shock and an evaluation of the validity of interpreting these data as evidence for a hyperproduction of NO. This review also emphasizes that many septic patients have preexisting endothelial dysfunction and lung diseases, which may contribute to adverse effects by systemic inhibition of NO synthesis. Another new aspect of the present review is a focus on the lack of direct evidence of iNOS expression in human septic shock.
-
Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Mar 1999
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialParacetamol 1 g given rectally at the end of minor gynaecological surgery is not efficacious in reducing postoperative pain.
We studied the analgesic effects of 1 g paracetamol given rectally at the end of surgery in a prospective, randomised, double-blind study. ⋯ The routine use of 1 g paracetamol given rectally at the end of surgery after termination of pregnancy seems not to be justified.