Acta anaesthesiologica Scandinavica
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Jul 2000
The dissociation of sedative from spinal antinociceptive effects following administration of a novel alpha-2-adrenoceptor agonist, MPV-2426, in the locus coeruleus in the rat.
MPV-2426 is a novel alpha-2-adrenoceptor agonist developed for spinal pain therapy. In the present study we characterized its sedative and antinociceptive properties following microinjections into the brainstem and intrathecally at the lumbar spinal cord level. ⋯ The results indicate that the sedative potency of MPV-2426 is considerably weaker than that of dexmedetomidine. Additionally, the spread of MPV-2426 within the central nervous system is more limited than that of dexmedetomidine. This could explain why MPV-2426 is sedative only when injected into the LC while antinociceptive effect is obtained when it is injected intrathecally at the lumbar spinal cord level.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Jul 2000
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialEsmolol cardioplegia in unstable coronary revascularisation patients. A randomised clinical trial.
Esmolol has been studied and applied to control hypertension and tachycardia during open heart surgery. Esmolol has been used on a minor scale as a single cardioplegic agent. Little information is available on esmolol as a component of blood cardioplegia. In this prospective, randomised, double-blind clinical study we investigated whether esmolol improves cardioprotection in patients scheduled for an urgent coronary operation. ⋯ Esmolol addition to blood cardioplegia did not increase the efficacy of cardioprotection in the present study setting in unstable patients during urgent coronary revascularisation.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Jul 2000
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialRemifentanil and propofol without muscle relaxants or with different doses of rocuronium for tracheal intubation in outpatient anaesthesia.
Intubation using propofol and remifentanil without muscle relaxant is associated with a greater incidence of poor intubating conditions.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Jul 2000
Clinical TrialPain intensity and side effects during titration of morphine to cancer patients using a fixed schedule dose escalation.
Considerable dose variations and frequent initial side effects have been postulated during start of morphine treatment to patients with pain caused by malignant disease. However, to our knowledge, only one previous study has reported effective doses in morphine naive cancer patients and no prospective evaluation has compared symptoms before with symptoms during morphine titration. ⋯ In cancer patients with uncontrolled pain on weak opioids, successful titration of morphine is achieved fast, with a three-fold morphine dose variation and with little increase in side effects.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Jul 2000
Clinical TrialTotal versus tube-related additional work of breathing in ventilator-dependent patients.
In tracheally intubated or tracheostomized spontaneously breathing patients, tube resistance can highly increase the patient's work of breathing. In this study we focused upon the relationship between total (WOBtot) and tube-related additional inspiratory work of breathing (WOBadd) and compared different ventilatory modalities for proper tube compensation. ⋯ In tracheally intubated or tracheostomized spontaneously breathing patients, adequate compensation of tube resistance (i.e. with minimal overcompensation and minimal undercompensation) is best done by the ATC mode.