Acta anaesthesiologica Scandinavica
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Jul 2001
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialCombination of droperidol and ondansetron reduces PONV after pediatric strabismus surgery more than single drug therapy.
Pediatric strabismus surgery is associated with a very high incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting [(PONV) 44-88%]. Droperidol (10-75 microg kg(-1)) and ondansetron (50-150 microg kg(-1)) have shown variable success in reducing the incidence and severity of PONV. Combination of these two drugs has shown promising results. This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial was conducted to evaluate the efficacy and safety of the combination of these two drugs in reducing the incidence and severity of PONV in pediatric strabismus surgery. ⋯ Droperidol 15 microg kg(-1) in combination with ondansetron 100 microg kg(-1), administered at the induction and end of the operative procedure respectively, is more effective than either drug given individually in reducing the incidence of PONV after strabismus surgery.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Jul 2001
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialPosture-related distribution of hyperbaric bupivacaine in cerebro-spinal fluid is influenced by spinal needle characteristics.
No studies have evaluated the relationship between duration of time sitting and spinal needle type on the maximal spread of local anaesthetics. The few trials available have studied the influence of time spent sitting on the spread of anaesthesia without standardising spinal needle types, and have not found any effect. ⋯ In a standard spinal anaesthesia procedure, when different lengths of time spent sitting are compared, spinal needle characteristics influence the maximum spread of hyperbaric bupivacaine. However, within the limits of our study, a two-segment difference in block height is too small to consider using spinal needles as valuable tools to control block height during spinal anaesthesia in our daily practice.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Jul 2001
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialFrequency of haemoglobin desaturation with the use of succinylcholine during rapid sequence induction of anaesthesia.
The perceived safety of the use of succinylcholine is based on the fact that recovery from its effects will occur before oxygen desaturation occurs in case of failure to intubate or ventilate. The purpose of this study was to examine the incidence of oxygen desaturation after the use of succinylcholine prior to resumption of spontaneous ventilation following four different preoxygenation techniques. ⋯ We conclude that use of succinylcholine may not always prevent desaturation if there is a failure to intubate and ventilate during a rapid sequence induction of anaesthesia.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Jul 2001
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialUltrasound control for presumed difficult epidural puncture.
The efficacy of epidural anaesthesia depends on the accurate identification of the epidural space (ES). Abnormal anatomical conditions may make the procedure difficult or impossible. The aim of this study was to investigate whether pre-puncture ultrasound examination of the spinal anatomy might be beneficial in expected cases of difficult epidural anaesthesia. ⋯ With ultrasound measurement of the ES depth, the quality of epidural anaesthesia was enhanced.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Jul 2001
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialPostoperative analgesia by combined continuous infusion and patient-controlled epidural analgesia (PCEA) following hip replacement: ropivacaine versus bupivacaine.
Ropivacaine is a new local anaesthetic, which compared to bupivacaine is less toxic and shows greater sensory and motor block dissociation. We hypothesised that treatment of postoperative pain with a combined regimen of continuous epidural infusion and Patient-Controlled Epidural Analgesia (PCEA) using ropivacaine could have given better results compared with those we had obtained using bupivacaine. ⋯ Despite similar analgesic effects, epidural infusion of ropivacaine combined with PCEA provides higher patient satisfaction than equal doses of bupivacaine due to lack of motor block.