Acta anaesthesiologica Scandinavica
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Sep 2001
Preoperative blood pressure and intraoperative hypothermia during lower abdominal surgery.
Preoperative factors including age and body habitus affect intraoperative hypothermia during general anesthesia. We hypothesized that preoperative blood pressure also plays a contributory role in the induction of intraoperative hypothermia. ⋯ These results suggest that preoperative SBP has some preventive effect on the decrease in intraoperative core temperature during lower abdominal surgery under general anesthesia.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Sep 2001
Evidence that spinal segmental nitric oxide mediates tachyphylaxis to peripheral local anesthetic nerve block.
Tachyphylaxis to sciatic nerve blockade in rats correlates with hyperalgesia. Spinal inhibition of nitric oxide synthase with N(G)nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) has been shown to prevent hyperalgesia. Given systemically, L-NAME also prevents tachyphylaxis. The action of L-NAME in preventing tachyphylaxis therefore may be mediated at spinal sites. We compared systemic versus intrathecal potency of L-NAME in modulating tachyphylaxis to sciatic nerve block. ⋯ The increased potency of intrathecal versus systemic L-NAME suggests a spinal site of action in inhibiting tachyphylaxis. Descending pathways are not necessary for the development of tachyphylaxis since it occurs even after T10 spinal cord transection. Thus tachyphylaxis, like hyperalgesia, is mediated at least in part by a spinal site of action.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Sep 2001
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialA comparison of 0.5% ropivacaine and 1% mepivacaine for sciatic nerve block in the popliteal fossa.
The purpose of this study was to compare anesthetic efficacy and postoperative analgesia of 0.5% ropivacaine and 1% mepivacaine for sciatic nerve block in the popliteal fossa (popliteal block). ⋯ In this study we demonstrated that both 0.5% ropivacaine and 1% mepivacaine for popliteal block produced rapid, effective and safe anesthesia but postoperative analgesia was more long-lasting with ropivacaine.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Sep 2001
Meta AnalysisAssessment of the efficacy of esmolol on the haemodynamic changes induced by laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation: a meta-analysis.
Adrenergic stress response induced by laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation (LTI) appears to be attenuated by esmolol, but its potential clinical benefits have not been fully weighed against possible adverse effects. ⋯ Esmolol is effective, in a dose-dependent manner, in the attenuation of the adrenergic response to LTI. To minimise its adverse effects it should be administered, when considered clinically appropriate, as a continuous infusion regimen.