Acta anaesthesiologica Scandinavica
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · May 2012
Residual gastric contents volume does not differ following 4 or 6 h fasting after a light breakfast - a magnetic resonance imaging investigation in healthy non-anaesthetised school-age children.
While American Society of Anesthesiologists and European Society of Anaesthesiology guidelines recommend 6 h pre-anaesthetic fasting for food and non-clear fluids in children, some institutions allow shorter fasting times of 4 h. Aim of this pilot study was to compare weight-indexed residual gastric contents volumes (GCV(w)) after 4 vs. 6 h after a light breakfast, using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in healthy volunteer children not scheduled for anaesthesia. ⋯ Residual gastric contents volumes at a hypothetical anaesthesia start were similar for 4 and 6 h food fasting in healthy volunteer school-age children.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · May 2012
Parecoxib mitigates spatial memory impairment induced by sevoflurane anesthesia in aged rats.
Inflammation in brain plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of cognitive impairment. Anti-inflammatory therapy may thus constitute a novel approach for associated cognitive dysfunction. The present study investigated the effects of parecoxib in the prevention of cognitive impairments induced by sevoflurane in aged rats. ⋯ Parecoxib mitigates spatial memory impairment induced by sevoflurane anesthesia in aged rats. The synaptic morphometry change may be one of the mechanisms involved in learning and memory deficit.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · May 2012
Ultrasonography reveals a high prevalence of lower spinal dysraphism in children with urogenital anomalies.
Lower spinal dysraphism is frequently reported in anorectal anomaly combined with urogenital anomalies. The prevalence of the spinal dysraphism has not been comprehensively studied in children with simple urogenital anomalies. We evaluated the prevalence of the spinal dysraphism using ultrasound data of the lumbosacral area in children with urogenital anomalies. ⋯ The prevalence of OSD in children under 24 months of age with simple urogenital anomaly was higher than what was reported for the general population. Ultrasound examination of spinal structures before caudal block in children with urogenital anomaly should be considered.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · May 2012
Recombinant factor VIIa as last-resort treatment of desperate haemorrhage.
Studies are inconclusive regarding clinical outcomes after administration of recombinant activated coagulation factor VII (rFVIIa) during severe haemorrhage. The circumstances encountered during desperate haemorrhage make it difficult to include the most critically ill patients that could possibly benefit the most from such treatment into randomized controlled trials. We report our experience with rFVIIa as last-resort treatment of desperate haemorrhage when all standard treatment has failed. ⋯ The majority of unselected consecutive patients receiving rFVIIa as last-resort treatment for desperate haemorrhage were considered to have immediate clinical response as well as reduced transfusion requirements and correction of coagulation parameters. An immediate clinical response to rFVIIa may possibly be predictive of survival.