Acta anaesthesiologica Scandinavica
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Jan 2016
Lung stress and strain calculations in mechanically ventilated patients in the intensive care unit.
Stress and strain are parameters to describe respiratory mechanics during mechanical ventilation. Calculations of stress require invasive and difficult to perform esophageal pressure measurements. The hypothesis of the present study was: Can lung stress be reliably calculated based on non-invasive lung volume measurements, during a decremental Positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) trial in mechanically ventilated patients with different diseases? ⋯ Stress and strain can reliably be calculated at the bedside based on non-invasive EELV measurements during a decremental PEEP trial in patients with different diseases.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Jan 2016
High respiratory rate is associated with early reduction of lung edema clearance in an experimental model of ARDS.
The independent impact of respiratory rate on ventilator-induced lung injury has not been fully elucidated. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of two clinically relevant respiratory rates on early ventilator-induced lung injury evolution and lung edema during the protective ARDSNet strategy. We hypothesized that the use of a higher respiratory rate during a protective ARDSNet ventilation strategy increases lung inflammation and, in addition, lung edema associated to strain-induced activation of transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) in the lung epithelium. ⋯ HRR was associated with more pulmonary edema and higher activation of the TGF-β pathway. In contrast with our hypothesis, HRR was associated with less lung inflammation.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Jan 2016
The second window of desflurane-induced preconditioning is mediated by STAT3: role of Pim-1 kinase.
Late ischemic preconditioning is mediated via nuclear transcription factor signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3). Pim-1 kinase reduces infarct size in cardiomyocytes and is regulated by STAT3. We tested the hypothesis that late desflurane-induced preconditioning (DES-SWOP) is mediated via STAT3 and Pim-1. ⋯ These data suggest that DES-SWOP is mediated by activation and nuclear translocation of STAT3. The impact of Pim-1 in DES-SWOP signaling remains unclear.