Acta anaesthesiologica Scandinavica
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Aug 2019
Randomized Controlled TrialSevoflurane EC50 for intravenous cannulation attempt and movement in children.
Intravenous cannulation at lighter planes of anaesthesia can lead to adverse respiratory and haemodynamic events. So far, there is no consensus on optimum end tidal sevoflurane concentration required for intravenous cannulation in children. We aimed to evaluate the optimum end tidal concentration at which an intravenous cannulation can be successfully attempted without movements in paediatric patients after inhalational induction of general anaesthesia. ⋯ Intravenous cannulation can be accomplished without movements at end tidal sevoflurane of 1.3% in children aged 1-3 years in 50% of children.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Aug 2019
Observational StudyInfections and outcomes after cardiac surgery-The impact of outbreaks traced to transesophageal echocardiography probes.
Infections are a frequent complication of cardiac surgery. The intraoperative use of transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) may be an underrecognized risk factor for post-operative infections. The aim of this study was to investigate infection rates and outcomes after cardiac surgery in a nationwide cohort, especially in relation to periods where surface damaged TEE probes were used. ⋯ The intraoperative use of surface damaged TEE probes caused two serious infection outbreaks in patients after cardiac surgery. TEE probes need careful visual inspection during decontamination and probe sheaths are recommended.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Aug 2019
Pragmatic Clinical TrialDetermination of the 90% effective dose of intranasal dexmedetomidine for sedation during electroencephalography in children.
The intranasal route of dexmedetomidine (DEX) administration is becoming increasingly popular for providing adequate sedation during short examinations in infants and children. However, data on the 90% effective dose (ED90) of intranasal DEX are rare in children under 3 years old. ⋯ The 90% effective dose of intranasal DEX sedation for EEG was 3.28 μg kg-1 in children under 3 years old.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Aug 2019
Review Meta AnalysisStress ulcer prophylaxis in critically ill children: Protocol for a systematic review.
Stress ulcer prophylaxis is the considered standard of care in many critically ill patients in the intensive care unit (ICU). Whether there is overall benefit or harm of stress ulcer prophylaxis in critically ill children is unknown. Accordingly, we aim to assess patient-important benefits and harms of stress ulcer prophylaxis versus placebo or no treatment in critically ill children in the ICU. ⋯ There is a need for an updated systematic review to summarize the benefits and harms of stress ulcer prophylaxis in critically ill children to inform practice and future research.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Aug 2019
Review Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter StudyHandling Oxygenation Targets in the Intensive Care Unit (HOT-ICU)-Protocol for a randomised clinical trial comparing a lower vs a higher oxygenation target in adults with acute hypoxaemic respiratory failure.
Acutely ill adults with hypoxaemic respiratory failure are at risk of life-threatening hypoxia, and thus oxygen is often administered liberally. Excessive oxygen use may, however, increase the number of serious adverse events, including death. Establishing the optimal oxygenation level is important as existing evidence is of low quality. We hypothesise that targeting an arterial partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2 ) of 8 kPa is superior to targeting a PaO2 of 12 kPa in adult intensive care unit (ICU) patients with acute hypoxaemic respiratory failure. ⋯ The HOT-ICU trial will test the hypothesis that a lower oxygenation target reduces 90-day mortality compared with a higher oxygenation target in adult ICU patients with acute hypoxaemic respiratory failure.