Acta anaesthesiologica Scandinavica
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Jan 1996
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialDoes morphine premedication influence the pain and consumption of postoperative analgesics after total knee arthroplasty?
Evidence of pre-emptive analgetic effect of opioid would offer great potential benefit to patients with postoperative pain, a better pain relief with less opioid. The aim of this double blind randomised trial was to study the effect of intramuscular morphine premedication on postoperative pain. Forty-one patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty were randomly allocated to four groups. ⋯ Nausea, vomiting, itching and urinary retention were the most frequent side effects without significant differences between the groups. In conclusion, morphine premedication had a temporary rest effect on the postoperative pain. Epidural morphine provides a better analgesia than intravenous PCA-fentanyl.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Jan 1996
ReviewGood clinical research practice (GCRP) in pharmacodynamic studies of neuromuscular blocking agents.
Based on an international consensus conference held in Copenhagen in the autumn of 1994, a set of guidelines for Good Clinical Research Practice (GCRP) in pharmacodynamic studies of neuromuscular blocking agents are presented. The guidelines are intended to be a help for people working in this research field, and it is hoped that the guidelines will assist researchers, editors, and drug companies to enhance the quality of their pharmacodynamic studies of neuromuscular blocking agents.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Nov 1995
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialComparison of propofol and increased doses of thiopentone for laryngeal mask insertion.
Conditions for insertion of the laryngeal mask were assessed following induction of anaesthesia with either propofol 2.5 mg/kg, thiopentone 5.0 mg/kg or thiopentone 6.0 mg/kg in 120 patients premedicated with diazepam 10 mg. Insertion following induction with thiopentone 5.0 mg/kg and 6.0 mg/kg resulted in a greater incidence of gagging (P < 0.001 and P < 0.05, respectively) compared with propofol 2.5 mg/kg.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Nov 1995
Hyperkalaemia associated with haemorrhagic shock in rabbits: modification by succinylcholine, vecuronium and blood transfusion.
In haemorrhagic patients, hyperkalaemia may occur after succinylcholine administration. We investigated in haemorrhagic rabbits whether vecuronium caused hyperkalaemia and if blood transfusion prevented succinylcholine-induced hyperkalaemia. Rabbits were lightly anaesthetized with halothane/N2O and 30-35 ml/kg blood were withdrawn to cause arterial pH to decrease to approximately 7.0-7.1. ⋯ The K+ increase at 5 min for Group S (1.8 +/- 0.8) was significantly higher than those for Group C (1.0 +/- 0.6) or Group V (0.9 +/- 0.4), but was not different from that of Group T (1.5 +/- 0.7). We conclude that haemorrhage and succinylcholine cause hyperkalaemia in rabbits. Muscle relaxation itself does not appear to be a factor, but transfusion may lessen the hyperkalaemia.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Nov 1995
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialDoes a local anaesthetic cream (EMLA) alleviate pain from heel-lancing in neonates?
EMLA cream is an effective local anaesthetic agent for venipunctures in adults and children. The aim of this double-blind, randomised, and placebo-controlled study was to evaluate the effect of EMLA when heel-lancing was performed in neonates. On their third day of life, fullterm healthy infants, who underwent testing for phenylketonuria (PKU) by heel-lancing, were consecutively included in the study. ⋯ The response to the nociceptive stimulation was assessed by studying the occurrence of a pain cry. No analgesic effect of EMLA was found. There were no adverse effects.