Journal of paediatrics and child health
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J Paediatr Child Health · Oct 2007
Predicting diabetic ketoacidosis in children by measuring end-tidal CO2 via non-invasive nasal capnography.
To determine if nasal capnography can be used as a screening tool to predict diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) in children with Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) presenting to the emergency department. ⋯ Nasal capnography in conjunction with clinical assessment is predictive of DKA. Further research into this area with larger numbers could help validate ETCO(2) as a screening tool for DKA in the emergency department.
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Human rights are those basic standards without which people cannot live in dignity. Children are at risk of human rights violations because of their vulnerability in society. ⋯ As individuals and collectively, we have had a long history of gathering information, advocacy and tailoring training to improve children's health and well-being. A human rights approach and the use of the CRC provide an additional framework to do this.
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J Paediatr Child Health · Jul 2007
Comparative StudyPreventing rotavirus gastroenteritis: do you have the facts?
From 1 July 2007 two new rotavirus vaccines licensed for use in Australia (RotaTeq CSL Biotherapies/Merck and Rotarix Glaxo Smith Kline) will be funded for the National Immunisation Program. The vaccines differ with respect to their composition and the timing and mode of administration. ⋯ Neither has been associated with an increased rate of intussusception; however, surveillance for adverse effects following vaccination will be important. As rotavirus infection is ubiquitous in young children, funding of this vaccine will significantly decrease the enormous morbidity and costs associated with this disease in our community.
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J Paediatr Child Health · Jul 2007
Case ReportsRole of magnetic resonance imaging and scintigraphy in the diagnosis and follow-up of osteomyelitis in cat-scratch disease.
Cat-scratch disease (CSD) is a self-limiting infectious disease characterised with lymphadenopathy in a patient with a history of cat contact. Cases of bone involvement in patients with CSD are rare. We reported a case of 11-year-old boy with prolonged intermittent fever, inguinal lymphadenopathy and osteomyelitis. ⋯ However, the later method permits an overview of the multiple osseous lesions. Therefore, standard MRI equipment may not exclude bone scintigraphy. Both methods are required until whole-body MRI units become routine.
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J Paediatr Child Health · Jul 2007
Deceptive simplicity: systemic oxygen delivery and pulse oximetry.
Pulse oximetry is often perceived to be a measure of the adequacy of oxygen delivery. It is, however, only a measure of oxygen bound to haemoglobin. ⋯ Changes to both cardiac output and haemoglobin concentration will significantly alter oxygen delivery without changing oxygen saturation. This article will describe the components of systemic oxygen delivery and the physiologic limitation of pulse oximetry and caution against over-interpretation of oximetry in the care of newborns.