Journal of paediatrics and child health
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J Paediatr Child Health · Oct 2002
Partial liquid ventilation and nitric oxide in experimental acute lung injury.
To investigate the effects of inhaled nitric oxide (iNO) and partial liquid ventilation (PLV) on oxygenation and pulmonary haemodynamics in acute lung injury (ALI), and to assess their effects on lung function, systemic haemodynamics and lung injury. ⋯ In ALI, oxygenation and pulmonary hypertension are improved with PLV and iNO given together, regardless of the order in which they are commenced.
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J Paediatr Child Health · Aug 2002
Clinical predictors of abnormal computed tomography scans in paediatric head injury.
To evaluate whether clinical features associated with head injury in children can be correlated with an abnormal computed tomography (CT) scan. ⋯ Use of CT scans can be limited to children with ongoing specific symptoms and/or focal neurological signs. The implementation of guidelines in the management of head injuries in children could have a substantial effect on clinical practice and health-care costs.
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J Paediatr Child Health · Jun 2002
Comparative StudyTransfusion in premature infants impairs production and/or release of red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets.
To examine whether red blood cell transfusion in infants with anaemia of prematurity alters peripheral counts of red blood cell precursors, total white blood cells and white cell differential and platelets. ⋯ Forty-eight hours after red blood cell transfusion to premature infants, there is an absolute decrease in red blood cell precursors, immature white blood cells and platelets, probably due to erythropoietin-suppression.
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J Paediatr Child Health · Jun 2002
Improvement in resuscitation knowledge after a one-day paediatric life-support course.
To assess the effect of a one-day paediatric life-support course on the knowledge of paediatric trainees. ⋯ Despite a high level of experience and previous training in paediatric resuscitation, many candidates lacked the basic knowledge necessary for the resuscitation of seriously ill or injured children. There was a significant improvement in this knowledge after the course, and this was maintained for 4 months. The paediatric life-support course is an important means of resuscitation training for junior doctors.
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J Paediatr Child Health · Apr 2002
Sedation practices for Australian and New Zealand paediatric oncology patients.
Paediatric oncology patients often require repeated bone marrow aspirates and lumbar punctures. These procedures commonly require sedation and analgesia. The Australian and New Zealand College of Anaesthetists and the American Academy of Pediatrics have published guidelines that provide recommendations on monitoring and staffing requirements during sedation of paediatric patients. A survey was conducted of the oncology units in Australia and New Zealand in order to compare current practices with published guidelines. ⋯ Sedation practices among paediatric oncology units in Australia and New Zealand vary. None of the units fully adhere to published guidelines on childhood sedation. Paediatric oncology units should be familiar with the content of these guidelines and make an informed decision as to their usefulness, both in directing best clinical practice, and in supporting current practice in the event of medico-legal challenge.