Journal of paediatrics and child health
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J Paediatr Child Health · Jun 1995
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialMorphine increases synchronous ventilation in preterm infants.
To examine the short-term cardiorespiratory effects of intravenous morphine infusion in ventilated preterm infants. ⋯ Intravenous morphine infusion increases synchronicity of spontaneous and ventilator-delivered breaths in preterm infants. Morphine reduces heart rate and respiratory rate without reducing blood pressure, and may help to reduce duration of oxygen therapy in preterm infants with hyaline membrane disease.
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J Paediatr Child Health · Apr 1995
The prevalence of respiratory symptoms in South Australian preschool children. I. Geographic location.
This study was designed to ascertain the prevalence of respiratory symptoms in South Australian preschool children and to investigate the relationship between prevalence rates and geographic location. ⋯ This population-based survey shows that over 22% of South Australian 4 to 5 year old preschool children have had (or continue to have) asthma. The study also documented the geographic distribution of respiratory symptom prevalence within South Australia.
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J Paediatr Child Health · Apr 1995
Another outcome of neonatal intensive care: first year mortality and hospital morbidity.
To determine first year mortality and hospital morbidity after neonatal intensive care. ⋯ Both low birthweight and neonatal illness requiring intensive care are important indicators of continuing medical vulnerability over the first year of life.
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J Paediatr Child Health · Feb 1995
Incidence and outcome of diabetic cerebral oedema in childhood: are there predictors?
Information regarding cerebral oedema in diabetic children with ketoacidosis does not point to any causal factor or any predictor of outcome. Cases of diabetic ketoacidosis resulting in cerebral oedema at Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, over the last 20 years were reviewed. ⋯ This study suggests that the rate of salt and water replacement in diabetic ketoacidosis are not key determinants of the appearance of cerebral oedema. No factors predictive of survival from cerebral oedema have been identified, though this is a rare entity and case numbers were small. Nevertheless, current protocols at Royal Children's Hospital and most other centres utilize slow rates of rehydration with isotonic saline fluids. Further review in 5-10 years may determine whether this protocol is effective in reducing rates of cerebral oedema complicating diabetic ketoacidosis.
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To evaluate the utility of lumbar puncture done routinely as part of complete workup in neonatal sepsis. ⋯ Based on this study, routine lumbar puncture may not be required in clinically normal newborns with adverse obstetric factors. In babies with clinical sepsis, though the yield is not very high; there are no reliable clinical or laboratory markers to predict which babies will have meningitis and hence these babies would warrant a lumbar puncture.