The Journal of craniofacial surgery
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Childhood burn accidents are still a problem all over the world. Besides the contractures and hypertrophic scar conditions, malignant transformation in the burn scar is one of the primary concerns later in adulthood. Marjolin ulcer, commonly seen after burn scar, is a neoplastic change in the scar tissue. ⋯ Lag period as long as 81 years is detected in the study. The delayed diagnosis due to social considerations such as financial limitations increases the likelihood of cranial invasion. A single huge scalp flap is often sufficient for soft tissue defects, and cranioplasty with methyl methacrylate is an appropriate option for reconstruction.
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Neck deformities remain a cause of significant morbidity in children who sustain burns. Reconstructive efforts must be directed not only at restoring satisfactory head position, flexion/extension, and rotation but also at satisfying the cosmetic and functional needs of the individual patient. We present the management of these complex patients, from the acute management of neck burns to the various reconstructive options available.
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Despite significant burn treatment advances, modern multidisciplinary care, and improved survival after burns, facial burn scars remain clinically challenging. Achieving a successful reconstruction requires a comprehensive approach, entailing many advanced techniques with an emphasis on preserving function and balancing intricate aesthetic requirements. ⋯ In this paper, we describe the basic principals of facial burn care in the pediatric burn population, with a specific focus on lower-eyelid burn ectropion and oral commissure burn scar contracture leading to microstomia. Several cases are demonstrated.
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Burn injuries continue to be a significant cause of pediatric morbidity in the United States, with approximately 20,000 admissions per year to centers specializing in the treatment of burn injuries. In this article, we aim to provide the practitioner with a guideline to the unique challenges, advances and current expectations, and treatment in this patient population.
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Pediatric patients account for approximately one third of all burn patients in the United States, with upper extremity or hand involvement in most admitted burn patients. Specialized management and care of pediatric burn patients optimizes functional outcomes. ⋯ Acute and long-term care aspects of pediatric upper extremity and hand burns require unique considerations. Diagnosis, treatment, and management of upper extremity and hand burns are discussed in detail with respect to the pediatric population.