The Journal of craniofacial surgery
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How different from "normal" are the cranial base and vault of infants with nonsyndromic, single-suture sagittal synostosis (NSSS)? This study quantitatively addresses this question utilizing computed tomography (CT) analytic technology. ⋯ In this small study, patients with nonsyndromic, single-suture sagittal craniosynostosis had relatively similar cranial base measurements, and larger anterior vault volumes, when compared with controls. Further work is needed to confirm the possibility of rightward asymmetry of the anterior cranial base.
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Pediatric cervical spine injuries (CSI) are uncommon events, but can be devastating injuries. Facial fractures have been associated with injuries to the cervical spine in children, but may be deemed isolated facial fractures and bypass the standard trauma pathway. The objective of this study is to describe the mechanisms, associated injuries and outcomes of pediatric cervical spine injuries in patients with known maxillofacial trauma at a level 1 trauma center. ⋯ Our database demonstrated a 5.7% incidence of pediatric cervical spine injuries in patients with maxillofacial trauma. This incidence is higher than previously published reports of smaller cohorts. Clinicians must take care to stabilize the cervical spine in any patient with facial fractures, especially during work up and diagnostic maneuvers performed before spinal injuries are ruled out.
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Cutaneous lymphangioma circumscriptum (CLC) is an uncommon congenital lymphatic malformation. Its dermoscopic features have been reported, however, if blood has infiltrated the lacunas, a pink hue overwhelms the lacunar structures, rendering dermoscopic features indistinguishable. In addition, dermoscopy cannot assess the subcutaneous extent of the lesion before surgery. ⋯ The flat endothelial cells were partly positive for D2-40, which is a marker of lymphatic endothelial cells. Ultrasound was able to delineate the margins of the lesions. Diagnosis of CLC using preoperative color Doppler and pulse wave Doppler could reduce unnecessary repeated pre- and postoperative biopsies.
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Postoperative remote intracranial hemorrhage (rICH) secondary to craniotomy surgery is an extremely rare but catastrophic complication. The present study aimed to investigate the incidence and the possible pathophysiological mechanism of rICH after brain tumor surgery. The clinical data from 9 rICH cases among 4588 patients undergoing brain tumor surgery were collected retrospectively. ⋯ Our results suggest that brain tumor surgery with ventricular system opening/drainage was more susceptible to rICH. Paying particlular attention to gradual reduction of intracranial pressure and avoiding excessive loss of cerebrospinal fluid may aid to prevent the occurrence of rICH. The authors suggest that a high index of suspicion, a prompt diagnosis, and emergent management is of vital importance to achieve good prognosis for rICH patients secondary to brain tumor surgery.
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The posterior auricular nerve (PAN) is the first branch of the facial nerve after it leaves the stylomastoid foramen. The literature describing the anatomy of the PAN is very sparse. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to clarify the detailed anatomical features of the PAN and consider its clinical and surgical applications. ⋯ The distance from the stylomastoid foramen to where the PAN branched from the facial nerve was 0.40 ± 1.25 mm (range from 0 to 4.35). The distance from the location of this branching point of the PAN to the entering point of the PAN to any muscles was 28.03 ± 5.51 mm (range from 19.71 to 38.75). Understanding the anatomical features of the PAN is essential for performing surgical procedures in this region.