Archives of orthopaedic and trauma surgery
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Arch Orthop Trauma Surg · Jan 1990
Comparative StudySignificance of postoperative stability for bony reparation of comminuted fractures. An experimental study.
The significance of postoperative mechanical stability to bone repair of comminuted fractures was investigated in an animal experimental study comparing four commonly employed operative methods of fracture stabilization: 1. Plate osteosynthesis combined with lag screw fixation; 2. Bridging plate osteosynthesis; 3. ⋯ As fracture model, a triple wedge osteotomy of the right sheep tibia was used. In regard to biomechanical strength, the method which gave best postoperative stability, plate osteosynthesis in combination with interfragmentary lag screws, did not result in the best bone repair. In this experimental setup, stabilization by bridging methods, inducing bone healing by secondary intention, gave better bone regeneration in the experimental fractures.
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Arch Orthop Trauma Surg · Jan 1990
Case ReportsBilateral pseudarthrosis of the femur after stress fracture.
Stress fractures of the diaphysis of the femur are very rare, particularly bilateral ones. We describe here a woman patient with bilateral pseudoarthrosis of the femoral diaphysis which was the result of a stress fracture. ⋯ The patient has been closely examined for over 30 years. Our own explanation for the beginnings of stress fracture as well as for the pseudarthrosis development are given.
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Arch Orthop Trauma Surg · Jan 1990
Fracture incidence and bone mineral density of the distal radius in Japanese children.
The incidence of fractures of the distal radius in Japanese persons under 20 years of age was determined, and the bone mineral density of the radius was measured in 236 healthy Japanese children. The peak incidence of fractures occurred at 13 years of age (807 per 100,000) in boys and at 11 (300 per 100,000) in girls. ⋯ The age at the peak incidence of fractures thus coincided with the age at which the metaphyseal/diaphyseal density ratio was lowest. Thus, it is suggested that low bone mineral density at the metaphysis may be the cause of the high incidence of these fractures in adolescence.
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Animal studies can provide important information in the evaluation of new techniques and prosthetic designs in orthopedics. As a prerequisite they must parallel as closely as possible the human conditions they are modeling. An arthritic sheep model simulating the human clinical situation has previously been designed and reported by Phillips and Gurr. ⋯ Only one of the 12 cases showed postoperative avascularity of the femoral head. Radiologic follow-up and histologic examination showed features consistently and strikingly similar to those seen in human practice. The sheep hip with simulated arthritis provides a sensitive, clinically reproducible model for the future study of other arthroplasty types and problems.
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The authors present an experimental study of 30 rats, in which human dura mater preserved in glycerin was used to repair gaps in the Achilles tendon. The animals were killed 8 weeks after the surgery and evaluated by gross and microscopic examination. The results showed that the dura mater did not cause foreign-body reactions or adhesions and was surrounded by concentric layers of fibroblasts and collagen fibers, suggesting that it could be employed as a substitute for damaged tendons.