Journal of dermatological science
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Review Case Reports
Cutaneous manifestations of COVID-19: Report of three cases and a review of literature.
Various cutaneous manifestations have been observed in patients with COVID-19 infection. However, overall similarities in the clinical presentation of these dermatological manifestations have not yet been summarized. ⋯ Infection with COVID-19 may result in dermatological manifestations with various clinical presentations, which may aid in the timely diagnosis of this infection.
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Thimerosal has been used as a preservative in many products which may cause contact dermatitis. It is the second most common allergen in positive patch test reactions, though being a clinical irrelevant allergen. Thimerosal-induced contact dermatitis is generally considered to be a delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction, but it is difficult to explain the fact that most patients develop an allergic reaction upon first encounter with thimerosal. Recent studies have demonstrated the association between Mas-related G protein coupled receptor X2 (MRGPRX2) and pseudo-allergic reactions which occur at the first contact with stimulation. This suggests the possibility that thimerosal may cause contact dermatitis via MRGPRX2 mediated mechanism. ⋯ MrgprB2 mediates thimerosal-induced mast cell degranulation and pseudo-allergic reaction in mice. MRGPRX2 may be a key contributor to human contact dermatitis.
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Two phase 3 trials with identical design, LIBERTY AD SOLO 1 (NCT02277743) and LIBERTY AD SOLO 2 (NCT02277769), confirmed dupilumab efficacy and safety versus placebo in adults with moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis (AD). ⋯ Dupilumab versus placebo significantly improved objective AD signs, subjective PROs, symptoms of anxiety/depression, and HRQoL, with a favorable benefit-risk profile in adults with moderate-to-severe AD.
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Anti-programmed cell death protein (PD)-1 antibody treatment is associated with a notable improvement in only 30%-40% of patients. Thus, a predictive and easily measured marker of the clinical benefit of anti-PD-1 antibody treatment is necessary; therefore, in this study, we focused on the serum concentration of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF). ⋯ HGF concentration represents a valid biomarker that can be further developed for the evaluation of anti-PD-1 therapy. Our results suggested that c-MET inhibition promotes perforin expression in CD8+ T cells. Therefore, c-MET inhibitors can activate the immune system and may play an important role in combined immunotherapy.