Acta neurologica Scandinavica. Supplementum
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Acta Neurol. Scand., Suppl.c · Jan 2011
What initiates a migraine attack? Conclusions from four longitudinal studies of quantitative EEG and steady-state visual-evoked potentials in migraineurs.
Quantitative electroencephalograpic (QEEG) frequency spectra and steady-state visual-evoked potentials (SSVEP) are indicators of corticothalamic excitability (e.g., arousal). Increased interictal excitability is suggested to be an important element in the migraine pathophysiology. In this paper, we summarize our results from four studies of QEEG and SSVEP recordings in migraineurs interictally and in the days before an attack with the intention to shed light on attack-initiating mechanisms. ⋯ A general tendency toward EEG slowing and depression of photic responses characterized the migraine group. This pattern was also related to increased severity of symptoms. A change in cortical activity occurred within 36 h before attacks. Our results indicate that thalamocortical hypoexcitability is associated with attack initiation and sensory hypersensitivity in migraine.
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Delirium is frequently seen as a major complication among elderly stroke patients. Few studies have prospectively studied delirium as a complication of acute stroke. In these studies, the results are conflicting regarding risk factors and estimated prevalence. The aims of the present study are to assess the prevalence of delirium in patients with acute stroke treated in an acute Stroke Unit, identify characteristics of patients with delirium and important factors associated with the development of delirium. ⋯ One of 10 stroke patients had delirium. This is the lowest prevalence of delirium shown in acute stroke patients. In our study, all patients were treated in a Stroke Unit. A Stroke Unit like the Scandinavian model may be beneficial in preventing delirium.
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Acta Neurol. Scand., Suppl.c · Jan 2009
What is chronic headache in the general population? The Akershus study of chronic headache.
Studies of chronic headache including both primary and secondary causes from the general population is lacking. ⋯ Primary and secondary chronic headaches are common in the general population.
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Acta Neurol. Scand., Suppl.c · Jan 2009
Visual evoked potential and spatial frequency in migraine: a longitudinal study.
Reduced habituation of visual evoked potentials (VEP) has been reported in migraine. We aimed to study if preattack excitability changes were related to check size using a paired longitudinal design. ⋯ Cortical excitability is high in MA. Headache severity affects visual excitability. Increased P1N2 VEP amplitude before the attack suggests a cyclic decreased intracortical inhibition in extrastriate magnocellular pathways in migraine.
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Acta Neurol. Scand., Suppl.c · Jan 2008
ReviewTreatment of sialorrhea in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a devastating progressive disease of all voluntary muscles. Bulbar symptoms with reduced ability to swallow occur frequently and may also be an early symptom. For some patients drooling may represent a severe social problem. ⋯ The treatment of sialorrhea in ALS is discussed in the view of current knowledge.