Annals of epidemiology
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Annals of epidemiology · Aug 2014
Associations of allostatic load with sleep apnea, insomnia, short sleep duration, and other sleep disturbances: findings from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2005 to 2008.
To examine whether allostatic load (AL), a measure of cumulative physiologic dysregulation across biological systems, was associated with sleep apnea, insomnia, and other sleep disturbances. ⋯ This study suggests significant associations of high AL with sleep apnea, sleep apnea symptoms, insomnia component, short sleep duration, and diagnosed sleep disorder among US adults.
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Annals of epidemiology · Jul 2014
Comparative StudyComparison of comorbidity classification methods for predicting outcomes in a population-based cohort of adults with human immunodeficiency virus infection.
We compared the John's Hopkins' Aggregated Diagnosis Groups (ADGs), which are derived using inpatient and outpatient records, with the hospital record-derived Charlson and Elixhauser comorbidity indices for predicting outcomes in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients. ⋯ In patients with HIV, the ADG, Charlson, and Elixhauser methods are comparable for predicting 1-year mortality. However, poor calibration limits the use of these methods for provider profiling and clinical application.
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Annals of epidemiology · Apr 2014
Peripheral neuropathy and Guillain-Barré syndrome risks associated with exposure to systemic fluoroquinolones: a pharmacovigilance analysis.
Peripheral neuropathy (PN) is an identified risk of systemic antibacterial therapy with fluoroquinolones. The risk and its severity, including the development of Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) between individual agents is uncertain. This study examines the association between fluoroquinolones and PN and GBS in cases spontaneously reported to the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System. ⋯ This study re-emphasizes the link between fluoroquinolones and PN and shows the potential association with more severe forms of nerve damage, for example, GBS. Unless the benefit of fluoroquinolone therapy (e.g., overwhelming infection or development of bacterial resistance) outweighs PN risk, treatment with alternative antibacterial agents is recommended.
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Annals of epidemiology · Feb 2014
Cold ambient temperature in utero and birth outcomes in Uppsala, Sweden, 1915-1929.
Although the literature reports adverse birth outcomes following ambient heat, less work focuses on cold. We, moreover, know of no studies of cold that examine stillbirth. We tested the relation between cold ambient temperature during pregnancy in Sweden and four outcomes: stillbirth, preterm, birth weight for gestational age, and birth length. We examined births from 1915 to 1929 in Uppsala, Sweden, which-unlike most societies today-experienced substandard indoor-heating and fewer amenities to provide shelter from cold. ⋯ In historical Sweden, cold temperatures during pregnancy increased stillbirth and preterm risk and reduced birth length among live births.