Annals of epidemiology
-
Annals of epidemiology · Aug 2020
Where you live can impact your cancer risk: a look at multiple myeloma in New York City.
To visualize variation in multiple myeloma (MM) incidence and mortality rates by race-ethnicity and geographic location and evaluate their correlation with neighborhood-level population covariates within New York City (NYC). ⋯ NYC neighborhoods with large minority populations have higher prevalence of poverty-related factors associated with MM incidence and mortality, warranting public health policies to address exposures and access to care.
-
Annals of epidemiology · Jul 2020
Understanding COVID-19 risks and vulnerabilities among black communities in America: the lethal force of syndemics.
Black communities in the United States are bearing the brunt of the COVID-19 pandemic and the underlying conditions that exacerbate its negative consequences. Syndemic theory provides a useful framework for understanding how such interacting epidemics develop under conditions of health and social disparity. ⋯ These factors include racism and its manifestations (e.g., chattel slavery, mortgage redlining, political gerrymandering, lack of Medicaid expansion, employment discrimination, and health care provider bias). Improving racial disparities in COVID-19 will require that we implement policies that address structural racism at the root of these disparities.
-
Given incomplete data reporting by race, we used data on COVID-19 cases and deaths in U.S. counties to describe racial disparities in COVID-19 disease and death and associated determinants. ⋯ Nearly 20% of U.S. counties are disproportionately black, and they accounted for 52% of COVID-19 diagnoses and 58% of COVID-19 deaths nationally. County-level comparisons can both inform COVID-19 responses and identify epidemic hot spots. Social conditions, structural racism, and other factors elevate risk for COVID-19 diagnoses and deaths in black communities.
-
Annals of epidemiology · Dec 2019
Cardiovascular disease risk factors among Latino farmworkers in Oregon.
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are a leading cause of death among Latinos in the United States. The present study examines the prevalence of four CVD risk factors (diabetes, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, and obesity) in a large sample of Latino farmworkers in Oregon. ⋯ Our findings highlight the higher prevalence of CVD risk factors among Latino farmworkers and the need to address CVD risk factors in this population.
-
Annals of epidemiology · Aug 2019
Association between trends in county-level opioid prescribing and reported rates of gonorrhea cases in the United States.
We investigated the association between county-level trends in opioid prescribing rates, a proxy for opioid misuse, and rates of reported gonorrhea (GC) among males in the United States. ⋯ During 2010-2015, we found a positive association between increases in county-level opioid prescribing rates, a proxy for opioid misuse, and rates of reported GC among males especially in counties most affected by the opioid crisis. Integrating sexual health with opioid misuse interventions might be beneficial in addressing the GC burden in the United States.