Cerebrovascular diseases
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Cerebrovascular diseases · Jan 2013
Clinical TrialElevated admission blood pressure and stroke severity in acute ischemic stroke: the Bergen NORSTROKE Study.
Transient elevated blood pressure (BP) is frequent in patients presenting with acute ischemic stroke. The pathophysiology of this response is not clear and its effect on clinical outcome has shown contradictory results. Some studies have suggested that BP elevation may represent a protective response to enhance perfusion in ischemic brain tissue. In this study, we aimed to explore the association between elevated admission BP and stroke severity in the acute phase of ischemic stroke. If it is true that elevated BP represents a protective response in acute ischemia, we expected an inverse association between elevated BP and admission stroke severity, and a positive association between elevated BP and complete neurological recovery within 24 h and/or favorable short-term outcome. ⋯ Our study showed an inverse association between elevated BP and stroke severity on admission, where elevated BP was associated with mild stroke and lack of elevated BP was associated with severe stroke. This could be explained by a protective effect of elevated BP in the acute phase of ischemic stroke, although the absence of association between elevated BP and favorable outcome argues against this hypothesis.
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Cerebrovascular diseases · Jan 2013
Hyperperfusion syndrome after carotid endarterectomy and carotid stenting.
Hyperperfusion syndrome (HS) is a relatively rare but possibly serious complication of carotid revascularization procedures. Impaired cerebral autoregulation and postrevascularization changes in cerebral blood flow are the main mechanisms involved in the development of HS. Most up-to-date studies addressing this issue are retrospective and tend to concentrate on carotid endarterectomy (CEA), neglecting carotid stenting (CAS). Our aim was to compare the frequency of clinical signs of HS and hyperperfusion detected by transcranial Doppler (TCD) in patients undergoing CAS or CEA due to carotid stenosis. ⋯ There is no difference in the frequency of HS clinical signs and hyperperfusion detected by TCD between patients after CAE and CAS. Clinical signs suggested HS does not always correspond with TCD hyperperfusion. However, both the CVR test and TCD measurements of MCA velocity can help identify patients at high risk for HS.
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Cerebrovascular diseases · Jan 2013
Case Reports Clinical TrialPerfusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging used in assessing hemodynamics following superficial temporal artery-middle cerebral artery bypass in patients with Moyamoya disease.
The best strategy to assess the changes in brain hemodynamics following superficial temporal artery (STA)-middle cerebral artery (MCA) bypass in patients with Moyamoya disease remains unknown. The purpose of the present study was to assess cerebral hemodynamics using perfusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (PWI) before and after STA-MCA bypass surgery in patients with Moyamoya disease. ⋯ This study demonstrates that STA-MCA bypass is a safe and effective surgical treatment for Moyamoya disease. PWI enables an effective and objective assessment of hemodynamics before and after STA-MCA bypass surgery in patients with Moyamoya disease.
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Cerebrovascular diseases · Jan 2013
Intramural hematoma detection by susceptibility-weighted imaging in intracranial vertebral artery dissection.
The radiologic diagnosis of vertebral artery dissection (VAD) depends on characteristic intraluminal findings on angiography and intramural hematoma or a double-lumen sign on high-resolution vessel wall imaging. We aimed to evaluate the accuracy of intramural hematoma sign on susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI) in VAD. ⋯ The intramural hematoma sign on SWI was significantly associated with VAD and the phase map values were higher in intramural hematomas when compared with atherosclerotic calcifications.
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Cerebrovascular diseases · Jan 2013
Complications of acute stroke and the occurrence of early seizures.
Seizures are common neurological consequences of stroke. Although a number of factors including stroke severity on admission, cortical involvement, and stroke subtype have been consistently associated with post-stroke seizures, the effect that medical and neurological complications of stroke, occurring in the very acute phase, might have on such a risk has never been adequately explored. In the present study we aimed at determining the extent to which complications within the first week of stroke influence the risk of early seizures (ES). ⋯ Although major determinants of ES are nonmodifiable, preventable and treatable medical and neurologic complications within the first week of stroke increase the risk of ES and mediate the effect of established predictors on the propensity to post-stroke epilepsy. Future epidemiologic studies aimed at investigating post-stroke seizures should include precise information on these complications.