Acta oto-laryngologica
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Acta oto-laryngologica · May 2011
The specific IgE reactivity pattern of weed pollen-induced allergic rhinitis patients.
Specific immunoglobulin E (IgE) reactivity towards the major mugwort allergen Art v 1 is a good indicator for Art v sensitization. Allergens from the ragweed species Amb t and Amb a possibly share common IgE-binding epitopes. ⋯ Sera from 88% of the patients demonstrated positive specific IgE reactivity to Art v, and of these 82% were positive to Art v 1. Sera from 38% of the patients showed positive specific IgE reactivity to both ragweed species Amb t and Amb a. A strong correlation was found between the specific IgE levels of Amb t and Amb a. Of the Amb a IgE-positive patients, 38% were positive for Amb a 1. Of all patient sera tested, 12% were specific IgE-positive to profilin.
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Acta oto-laryngologica · May 2011
Upper airway changes in severe obstructive sleep apnea: upper airway length and volumetric analyses using 3D MDCT.
Three-dimensional multi-detector computed tomography (3D MDCT) analysis of the upper airway suggested that the lengthening of the upper airway in the absence of volumetric change may independently contribute to the severity of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) in adults. ⋯ The adjusted UAL showed a significant positive correlation with the apnea hypopnea index (AHI, r = 0.523, p < 0.000) and was a significant variable for predicting the AHI of OSAS patients in multiple stepwise regression analysis. Although the severe OSAS group had a greater adjusted UAL compared with that of other groups (p = 0.001), the volume of the upper airway did not show differences among groups.
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Prolonged artificial pulmonary ventilation by tracheostomy tube (>30 days) doubled the risk of stenosis (relative risk, RR = 2.04, p = 0.002). Critically ill patients with repeated tracheotomies were more than six times likely to experience stenosis (RR = 6.44, p< 0.001) than other critically ill patients. ⋯ Neither the demographic data nor the type of tracheostomy represented statistically significant risk factors. The risk factors for LTS were prolonged artificial pulmonary ventilation using the tracheostomy tube (p = 0.005) and repeated tracheostomy (p< 0.001). The mean onset of stenosis symptoms was 53.7 days (range 2-300 days), with a median of 58 days. Stenosis involved the trachea in 20 patients, subglottis in five cases, and glottis and subglottis in three cases. Seven patients (25%) underwent a tracheal resection and primary end-to-end reconstruction. One patient underwent laryngotracheoplasty with dilatation. The procedure was endoscopic in 18 patients (64.3%). Two patients (7.1%) received permanent tracheostomies.
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Acta oto-laryngologica · Jul 2010
ReviewClinical aspects and treatment of primary tracheal malignancies.
Selecting patients that are candidates for surgical treatment is important in the work-up of patients with tracheal cancer. Toward this goal, centralization of care concerning tracheal tumors is advised. Centralization may increase long-term survival and decrease operative morbidity and mortality even further. ⋯ Surgical resection and primary reconstruction is the best curative treatment modality available at present. In centers of experience, more than half of all patients with tracheal cancer may be candidates for surgical resection, although in population-based studies this treatment is applied in only 10-25% of patients.
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Acta oto-laryngologica · Mar 2010
Noise exposure alters cyclooxygenase 1 (COX-1) and 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO) expression in the guinea pig cochlea.
Changes in the metabolism of arachidonic acid (AA) might be part of a noise-induced compensatory mechanism with regional specificity. ⋯ COX-1 expression was decreased after both 70 dB SPL and 90 dB SPL exposure in most cell types of the organ of Corti and increased in the nerve fibers of the osseous spiral lamina. 5-LO was lowered after 90 dB SPL exposure, preferentially in the third cochlear turn in the organ of Corti, in the first and second turn in spiral ganglion cells, and in all turns in the stria vascularis.