Journal of neuroimaging : official journal of the American Society of Neuroimaging
-
Case Reports
Localization of clinical syndromes using DWI: two examples of the "capsular" warning syndrome.
The capsular warning syndrome (CWS) is a subtype of transient ischemic attack characterized by its recurrent nature, absence of cortical signs, and high probability of early capsular stroke. Currently, standard imaging techniques have identified only internal capsule lesions in this entity. The authors present 2 cases with an otherwise typical CWS in whom a brainstem stroke was detected by diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI). DWI's ability to differentiate between acute and chronic infarcts may assist in more accurate localization of clinical syndromes.
-
An unusual case of a 62-year-old man with focal seizures, tinnitus, and progressive left hemiparesis due to an extensive subdural plasma cell granuloma is presented. Five-year clinical and radiologic follow-up demonstrating the chronic yet progressive nature of this granuloma is presented. This is the first report of focal calcification seen in an intracranial plasma cell granuloma. The imaging, neuropathologic, and clinical characteristics of this rare lesion are reviewed.
-
Two patients with clinically probable or possible limbic encephalitis (LE) are reported, both cases with typical findings in clinical symptoms (severe neuropsychological deficits and complex partial seizures) and in routine magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) (hyperintense mesiotemporal lesions). Underlying malignancy was identified (rectal carcinoma) in one case but could not be detected in the other patient. ⋯ The authors' findings support FDG-PET coregistered to 3D MRI as a potentially valuable additional tool in the imaging diagnostics of LE. Results are discussed with respect to the clinical symptoms and previously reported imaging findings in the disease.
-
Case Reports
Anticoagulation and microembolus detection in a case of internal carotid artery dissection.
Microembolic signals (MES) have been demonstrated by transcranial Doppler (TCD) in cases of internal carotid artery dissection. The influence of treatment on MES in arterial dissection is uncertain. The authors here present a case of internal carotid artery dissection in which we detected a reduction of MES after the initiation of intravenous heparin. ⋯ The authors were able to demonstrate a decline of MES with heparin anticoagulation in a case of internal carotid artery dissection.
-
Case Reports
Vertebral artery dissection in Turner's syndrome: diagnosis by magnetic resonance imaging.
Aortic artery dissection is a rare but well-recognized complication of Turner's syndrome. Isolated carotid or vertebral artery dissection has not previously been reported. The authors report the clinical and magnetic resonance imaging findings in a 30-year-old woman with Turner's syndrome who developed a high cervical spinal cord infarction with a Brown-Sequard syndrome owing to bilateral vertebral artery dissection. The diagnosis and management of the case is reviewed.