Journal of neuroimaging : official journal of the American Society of Neuroimaging
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Spontaneous intracranial hypotension (SIH) is a known cause of headaches and neurologic symptoms, but the frequency of cranial nerve symptoms and abnormalities on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has not been well described. The purpose of this study was to document cranial nerve findings in patients with SIH and determine the relationship between imaging findings and clinical symptoms. ⋯ SIH patients with cranial nerve findings on MRI were more likely to have associated neurologic symptoms than those without imaging findings. Cranial nerve abnormalities on brain MRI should be reported in suspected SIH patients as they may support the diagnosis and explain patient symptoms.
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Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) plays a key role in diagnosing and monitoring multiple sclerosis (MS). Double inversion recovery (DIR) is a pulse sequence that has proven highly effective at detecting cortical lesions but is understudied in the spinal cord. We hypothesize that DIR images obtained during brain MRI can be of value in assessing the upper spinal cord of MS patients. ⋯ Sagittally acquired brain DIR can provide useful information on upper spinal cord lesions, with high C/N. In theory, this should facilitate the attainment of McDonald's or the Magnetic Resonance Imaging in MS (MAGNIMS) criteria in some cases, without a dedicated cervical spine MRI exam.
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Cerebral small vessel disease is a common manifestation among patients with Fabry disease (FD). As a biomarker of cerebral small vessel disease, the prevalence of impaired cerebral autoregulation as assessed by transcranial Doppler (TCD) ultrasonography was evaluated in FD patients and healthy controls. ⋯ Impaired cerebral autoregulation as assessed by TCD appears to be highly more prevalent among FD patients compared to healthy controls.
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We aimed to investigate the relationship between the degree and location of vertebrobasilar stenosis and quantitative magnetic resonance angiography (QMRA) distal flow. ⋯ Severe stenosis of ≥70% may mark the minimal threshold required to cause hemodynamic insufficiency in the posterior circulation, but nearly half of these patients may remain hemodynamically sufficient. Bilateral vertebral stenosis resulted in a fivefold increase in QMRA low distal flow status compared to unilateral vertebral disease. These results may have implications in the design of future treatment trials of intracranial atherosclerotic disease.
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Autosomal recessive cobblestone-like cortical malformation of the brain, with no eye or muscle involvement, has been reported in patients with biallelic mutations in ADGRG1 (formerly GPR56) and in other brain surface defects (eg, variants in COL3A1). We reported the intra-uterine brain MRI (iu-MRI), post-mortem MRI (pm-MRI), and neuropathology findings of a new ADGRG1 mutation in a fetus at early gestation. Imaging findings were compared with those of the sibling harboring the same mutation, to provide insights about the evolving morphology of such malformation. ⋯ Our findings provide further evidence of the overlap of ADGRG1/GPR56-related brain dysgenesis with cobblestone-like cortical malformation of the brain.