Journal of neuroimaging : official journal of the American Society of Neuroimaging
-
Tinnitus is a condition in which individuals perceive sounds, such as ringing or buzzing, without any external source. Although the exact cause is not fully understood, recent studies have indicated the involvement of nonauditory brain structures, including the limbic system. We aimed to compare the volumes of specific brain structures between patients with tinnitus and controls. ⋯ These findings indicate the involvement of the limbic system in tinnitus, and enhance our understanding of the condition. The subfield volumetry technique used in this study may aid in identifying the structural differences associated with specific neurological and psychiatric conditions.
-
Observational Study
Transcranial Doppler Arterial Pressure Gradient Is Associated With Delayed Infarction After Subarachnoid Hemorrhage.
While the pulsatility index (PI) measured by transcranial Doppler (TCD) has broader associations with outcomes in neurocritical care, its use in monitoring delayed cerebral infarction (DCI) in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is not endorsed by current clinical guidelines. Recognizing that arterial pressure gradient (ΔP) can be estimated using PI, we investigated the potential significance of TCD-estimated ΔP. ⋯ Increased ΔP, rather than elevated mCBFV, was associated with DCI. While elevated mCBFV was associated with vasospasm, it was not associated with DCI. Hence, TCD-estimated ΔP may serve as a predictor for the DCI in SAH patients, a condition that impacts long-term outcome.
-
In idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH) patients, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) flow is typically evaluated with a cardiac-gated two-dimensional (2D) phase-contrast (PC) MRI through the cerebral aqueduct. This approach is limited by the evaluation of a single location and does not account for respiration effects on flow. In this study, we quantified the cardiac and respiratory contributions to CSF movement at multiple intracranial locations using a real-time 2D PC-MRI and evaluated the diagnostic value of CSF dynamics biomarkers in classifying iNPH patients. ⋯ Evaluation of CSF movement beyond the cerebral aqueduct may aid in identifying patients with and understanding the pathophysiology of iNPH.
-
Prolonged venous transit (PVT), derived from computed tomography perfusion (CTP) time-to-maximum (Tmax) maps, reflects compromised venous outflow (VO) in acute ischemic stroke due to large vessel occlusion (AIS-LVO). Poor VO is associated with worse clinical outcomes, but pre-treatment markers predictive of PVT are not well described. ⋯ Higher admission NIHSS scores and male sex are independently associated with PVT in anterior circulation AIS-LVO, suggesting that readily available clinical markers may help identify patients with poor VO profiles.
-
Endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) is the standard for acute ischemic stroke from large vessel occlusion, but post-EVT functional independence varies. Brain atrophy, linked to higher cerebrospinal fluid volume (CSFV), may affect outcomes. Baseline CSFV could predict EVT benefit by assessing brain health. We aimed to quantify total CSFV from clinical T1-weighted (w) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to assess global brain atrophy and its association with functional outcomes following successful EVT. ⋯ Increased CSFV% correlates with poorer functional outcomes post EVT. Total CSFV% may serve as a useful imaging biomarker for clinicians determining patient prognostication prior to EVT.