Journal of neuroimaging : official journal of the American Society of Neuroimaging
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Several studies have aimed to find potential biomarkers to simplify the diagnosis of chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP) and to monitor and predict the disease course. However, reliable markers are still lacking. We aimed to investigate whether high-resolution nerve ultrasound (HRUS) is suitable for monitoring the long-term clinical course of CIDP. ⋯ Nerve ultrasound can be used as a method to objectify the long-term disease course in CIDP patients. The intranerve CSA variability is suitable for monitoring the clinical course of patients with CIDP.
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The complex function of memory has been linked to both brain gray and white matter (WM). WM abnormalities are associated with memory impairment in pathological conditions. We investigated whether variation in WM microstructure in healthy children also correlates with memory performance. ⋯ Significant correlations between DTI parameter values and CMS indices in multiple WM tracts in healthy children indicate that neuroimaging can sensitively detect brain WM changes associated with variations of memory function, even for that in the normal range.
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Neonatal hypoxic-ischemic injury of the brain and resultant encephalopathy (HIE) leads to major developmental impairments by school age. Conventional/anatomical MRI often fails to detect hippocampal injury in mild cases. We hypothesize that diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) has greater sensitivity for identifying subtle hippocampal injury. ⋯ Quantitative DTI analysis of the hippocampus in neonates following HIE is a feasible technique to examine neuronal injury. Although DTI scalars were useful in identifying thalamic injury in our cohort, hippocampal DTI analysis did not provide additional information regarding hippocampal injury following HIE.
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This study aims to investigate the significance of regional hyperperfusion (RH) detected by arterial spin labeling (ASL) in a group of untreated stroke patients, within 24-36 hours after symptom onset. The relationship between RH volume and infarcted volume (DIV) as defined on diffusion weighted images (DWIs) was evaluated. ⋯ The study showed that ASL perfusion could be an integral part of the MRI examination in the assessment of 24-36 hours not-treated stroke patients as sustained RH group had improved outcomes. More importantly, ASL perfusion may provide evidence of beneficial effects of reperfusion induced by recanalization treatment.
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The role of Alberta Stroke Program Early CT score (ASPECTS) in predicting which patients are likely to benefit from endovascular therapy (EVT) is not well defined. An automated software (e-ASPECTS) has been created to solve its poor interrater reliability. We aim to evaluate correlation between radiologist (Rx) and e-ASPECTS scoring with cerebral blood volume (CBV) infarct core and with final infarct volume; as well as with long-term functional outcome. ⋯ ASPECTS and e-ASPECTS showed a mild correlation with CBV. Rx-ASPECTS, e-ASPECTS, and CBV predicted a low infarct volume after thrombectomy in recanalized patients but only Rx-ASPECTS and e-ASPECTS predicted functional independence at 3 months.