Journal of neuroimaging : official journal of the American Society of Neuroimaging
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T2-hyperintense signal changes in corpus callosum (CC) have been described in epilepsy and encephalitis/encephalopathy. Little is known about their pathophysiology. The aim of this study was to examine the clinical presentation and evolution of CC lesions and relationship to seizures. ⋯ In patients with seizures, no clear relationship was demonstrated between seizure characteristics or AED use with CC lesions. Ovoid lesions resolved and may have different pathophysiologic mechanism when compared to linear lesions that persisted.
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Case Reports
T1 Hyperintense Prepontine Mass with Restricted Diffusion-A White Epidermoid or a Neuroenteric Cyst?
Neuroenteric cysts (NC) are benign, congenital malformation which are of endodermal origin commonly located in the central nervous system. We report a case of intracranial NC with squamous metaplasia and xanthogranulomatous response masquerading as a white epidermoid on conventional MRI sequences. Lesion showed two components on T2W-images. We observed differential diffusion characteristics including fractional anisotropy, radial diffusivity and axial diffusivity within the two components of the lesion.
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Comparative Study
Correlation of Brain Atrophy, Disability, and Spinal Cord Atrophy in a Murine Model of Multiple Sclerosis.
Disability progression in multiple sclerosis (MS) remains incompletely understood. Unlike lesional measures, central nervous system atrophy has a strong correlation with disability. Theiler's murine encephalomyelitis virus infection in SJL/J mice is an established model of progressive MS. We utilized in vivo MRI to quantify brain and spinal cord atrophy in this model and analyzed the temporal relationship between atrophy and disability. ⋯ Our results suggest that significant brain atrophy precedes and predicts the development of disability, while spinal cord atrophy occurs late and correlates with severe disability. The observed temporal relationship establishes a framework for mechanisms of disability progression and enables further investigations of their underlying substrate.
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Case Reports
Perivascular Enhancement in a Patient with Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disease during an Optic Neuritis Attack.
We present a case with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disease (NMOSD) who had perivascular enhancement during an optic neuritis attack. Cloud-like enhancement, pencil-thin enhancement, and leptomeningeal enhancement have been defined as specific enhancement patterns to neuromyelitis optica (NMO). Perivascular enhancement has not been described before in NMO/NMOSD. This finding suggests that perivascular enhancement may also be seen in NMO/NMOSD patients.