Journal of neuroimaging : official journal of the American Society of Neuroimaging
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Comparative Study
Jugular Venous Flow Abnormalities in Multiple Sclerosis Patients Compared to Normal Controls.
To determine if extracranial venous structural and flow abnormalities exist in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). ⋯ After categorizing the MS population into two groups based upon anatomical stenosis, as determined from an absolute quantification of IJV cross section, clear differences in IJV flow between the ST-MS and HC samples became evident. Despite the unknown etiology of MS, abnormal venous flow was noted in a distinct group of MS patients compared to HC.
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Our aim was to investigate a novel approach to perform preoperative evaluation patients who underwent middle cerebral artery (MCA) percutaneous transluminal angioplasty and stenting (PTAS). ⋯ The MOSAIC score can be reliably used in selecting patients with MCA stenosis for PTAS.
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Neuromuscular ultrasound of the cranial nerves is an emerging field which may help in the assessment of cranial neuropathies. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of neuromuscular ultrasound in Bell's palsy. A second objective was to assess the possibility of any associated vagus nerve abnormality. ⋯ Ultrasound can detect facial nerve enlargement in Bell's palsy and may have a role in assessment, or follow-up, of Bell's palsy and other facial nerve disorders. The low sensitivity of the current technique precludes its routine use for diagnosis, however, this study demonstrates its validity and potential for future research.
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Head rotation can cause occlusion of the vertebral artery most commonly at the atlas loop, and repetitive compression from head turning induces vertebral artery dissection (VAD). Although ultrasound examinations are useful in diagnosis, dissected lesions unaccompanied by hemodynamic changes can be overlooked. Because the narrowed, dissected vessel in the atlas loop may cause rotational occlusion, we confirmed whether adding submaximal head rotation to a cervical ultrasound examination would facilitate the detection of VAD in the atlas loop. ⋯ For posterior circulation stroke patients, adding submaximal head rotation to the cervical ultrasound examination facilitated the detection of VAD in the atlas loop.
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PRES is a reversible neurotoxic state presenting with headache, altered mental status, visual loss, and seizures. Delayed diagnosis can be avoided if radiological patterns could distinguish PRES from cerebral ischemia. ⋯ If confirmed by other groups, CTP and CTA imaging in patients with acute visual loss and confusion may help to distinguish PRES from bi-occipital ischemia. These radiological parameters may identify PRES patients at risk for additional tissue infarction.