Journal of neuroimaging : official journal of the American Society of Neuroimaging
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The Cavum Septi Pellucidi (CSP), Cavum Vergae (CV) and Cavum Veli Interpositi, are anatomical variants located in the midline of the brain. It is important to identify these conditions to distinguish them from other entities that may require treatment. In this paper, our purpose is to describe MR and CT findings of CSP, CV and Cavum Veli Interpositi, explaining the differential diagnosis.
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To assess the involvement of basal ganglia and thalamus in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) method. ⋯ The increased MD in basal ganglia and thalamus and decreased FA in globus pallidus and thalamus are indicative of neuronal loss or dysfunction in these structures.
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Comparative Study
Cognitive impairment and its relation to imaging measures in multiple sclerosis: a study using a computerized battery.
Cognitive impairment (CI) is an important component of multiple sclerosis (MS) disability. A complex biological interplay between white matter (WM) and gray matter (GM) disease likely sustains CI. This study aims to address this issue by exploring the association between the extent of normal WM and GM disease and CI. ⋯ Both NAWM and NAGM volumes are related to CI in MS. The results highlight once again the urgent need to develop pharmacological strategies protecting patients from widespread neurodegeneration as possible preventive strategies of CI development.
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Case Reports
Vertebral artery anomaly causing C2 suboccipital neuralgia, relieved by neurovascular decompression.
We report imaging and surgical findings of a symptomatic 40-year-old male with an anomalous left vertebral artery. MR, CT myelography, angiography, and intraoperative photos demonstrate the vertebral artery entering the thecal sac at the C1-C2 intervertebral foramen and compressing the dorsal C2 nerve rootlets against the cord. ⋯ Intradural course of the vertebral artery at C2 is one of the few symptomatic developmental vertebral artery anomalies. Recognition of this condition is important because surgical intervention can alleviate associated neck pain.
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Methadone intoxication can cause respiratory depression, leading to hypoxia with subsequent coma and death. Delayed postanoxic leukoencephalopathy (DAL) has been reported with intoxication by carbon monoxide, narcotics, and other toxins. ⋯ Methadone overdose can cause DAL with profound disturbances of neural metabolism and the BBB. The time course of these disturbances can be monitored with MR methods.