Journal of neuroimaging : official journal of the American Society of Neuroimaging
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Internuclear ophthalmoplegia is a dysfunction of conjugate eye movements, caused by lesions affecting the medial longitudinal fasciculus (MLF). Multiple sclerosis (MS) and ischemic stroke represent the most common pathophysiologies. While magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) allows for localizing lesions affecting the MLF, comprehensive comparative studies exploring potential different spatial characteristics of lesions affecting the MLF are missing until now. ⋯ Our results demonstrate that multiple lesions affecting the MLF make inflammatory-demyelination due to MS more likely, while lesion localization at the level of the mesencephalon favors ischemia.
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Fatigue is the common symptom in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS), yet its pathophysiological mechanism is poorly understood. We investigated the metabolic changes in fatigue in a group of relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS) patients using MR two-dimensional localized correlated spectroscopy (2D L-COSY). ⋯ Our results suggest that fatigue in MS is strongly correlated with an imbalance in neurometabolites but not structural brain measurements.
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Dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) is the second most prevalent cause of degenerative dementia next to Alzheimer's disease (AD). Though current DLB diagnostic criteria employ several indicative biomarkers, relative preservation of the medial temporal lobe as revealed by structural MRI suffers from low sensitivity and specificity, making them unreliable as sole supporting biomarkers. In this study, we investigated how a deep learning approach would be able to differentiate DLB from AD with structural MRI data. ⋯ Our results confirmed that the deep learning method with gray matter images can detect fine differences between DLB and AD that may be underestimated by the conventional method.
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We aimed to assess the accuracy of magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) in the differentiation of small aneurysms versus infundibular dilations (IDs) at the internal carotid artery-posterior communicating artery (ICA-PComA) junction, emphasizing the role of MRA axial source images. ⋯ MRA is a useful imaging modality for distinguishing between aneurysm and ID at the ICA-PComA junction. Furthermore, geometric parameters on MRA axial source images can provide added value in their differentiation.
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The role of the cerebellum in olfactory function is not fully understood. In this study, we tried to combine resting state and task functional MRI (fMRI) to improve the understanding of the cerebellum during olfactory processing. ⋯ The results imply that the cerebellum is probably involved in olfactory-related responses caused by unpleasant odor but does not directly participate in olfactory perception. Our results may further improve the understanding of the cerebellum in olfactory function.