Journal of neuroimaging : official journal of the American Society of Neuroimaging
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Lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) are the most common nonmotor symptoms usually occurring mid-stage of Parkinson's disease (PD); however, its underlying mechanisms are unknown. We aimed to assess whether corticometry or volumetry can identify a pattern of cerebral cortical changes in PD patients with LUTS. ⋯ This study showed that the thicknesses and volumes of several cortical regions were significantly correlated with the severity of LUTS in PD patients. The findings of regional atrophy and thinning of specific cortical regions in this study provide additional evidence that multiple cortical regions, especially the precuneus cortex, not only may be involved in urinary dysfunctions of PD patients but also may help to elucidate the exact underlying mechanisms for LUTS in PD patients.
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For diagnosis of medulloblastoma, the updated World Health Organization classification now demands for genetic typing, defining more precisely the tumor biology, therapy, and prognosis. We investigated potential associations between magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) parameters including apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) and neuropathologic features of medulloblastoma, focusing on genetic subtypes. ⋯ MRI analysis enabled noninvasive differentiation of SHH-activated medulloblastoma. ADC alone was not reliable for genetic characterization, but associated with tumor proliferation rate.
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Observational Study
Multimodal MRI Response to Fingolimod in Multiple Sclerosis: A Nonrandomized, Single Arm, Observational Study.
Fingolimod has a favorable effect on conventional MRI measures; however, its neuroprotective effect is not clear. We aim to investigate changes of conventional and advanced MRI measures in lesions and normal-appearing white matter (NAWM) over 2 years in fingolimod-treated patients. ⋯ These findings suggest a possible neuroreparative effect of fingolimod on the MS lesions and NAWM. Larger and longer randomized studies are required to confirm these results.
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Iterative model reconstruction (IMR) has shown to improve computed tomography (CT) image quality compared to hybrid iterative reconstruction (HIR). Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score (ASPECTS) assessment in early stroke is particularly dependent on high-image quality. Purpose of this study was to investigate the reliability of ASPECTS assessed by humans and software based on HIR and IMR, respectively. ⋯ Human and software rating showed good reliability of ASPECTS across different CT reconstructions. Human raters performed best with the reconstruction algorithms they had most experience with (HIR for the attending). Automated software benefits from higher resolution with better contrasts in IMR with 0.9 mm slice thickness.
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The ongoing Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is caused by the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). COVID-19 is occasionally associated with manifold diseases of the central nervous system (CNS). We sought to present the neuroimaging features of such CNS involvement. In addition, we sought to identify typical neuroimaging patterns that could indicate possible COVID-19-associated neurological manifestations. ⋯ Manifold CNS involvement is increasingly reported in COVID-19 patients. Typical and atypical neuroimaging features have been observed in some disease entities, so that familiarity with these imaging patterns appears reasonable and may assist clinicians in the differential diagnosis of COVID-19 CNS manifestations.