Clinical journal of sport medicine : official journal of the Canadian Academy of Sport Medicine
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To describe and identify predictors of 12-month outcomes of serious orthopaedic injuries due to sport and active recreation. ⋯ Almost one-quarter of participants reported moderate to severe physical disability at 12 months postinjury. Increasing age and patterns of injury were found to be significant predictors of a poor physical outcome at 12 months.
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The trend in pediatric sport organizations is to regroup activities into tournaments. Sports-related injuries in children are a public concern. ⋯ More injuries were observed if the athletes had increased the concentration of activity in the 7 days prior. Although small, this difference reflected a minor clinical effect. In our study, we failed to disclose an association for the period of 48 hours.
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To investigate cervical spine motion during a log roll technique in ice hockey players under different helmet fit conditions. ⋯ Presence of helmet (whether properly fit or not) resulted in increased of sagittal and transverse plane movement. This suggests that when an ice hockey helmet is stabilized, the head within it is not. We recommend the helmet and face shield be removed before performing an emergency prone log roll.
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Exercise-associated hyponatremia (EAH) is a potentially fatal fluid imbalance largely resulting from sustained fluid intake beyond the capacity for fluid excretion during endurance exercise. Common symptoms include vomiting, confusion, altered mental status, and seizures; however, these symptoms can also be seen with hypernatremic encephalopathy, making measurement of plasma sodium concentration imperative when athletes present with these symptoms. Recent evidence supports the inappropriate secretion of the antidiuretic hormone, arginine vasopressin (AVP), as the primary pathophysiological mechanism underlying the development of dilutional EAH. ⋯ The prompt administration of an intravenous (IV) bolus of hypertonic saline in the field or hospital setting can be lifesaving once EAH is documented. Conversely, oral sodium supplementation will not prevent the development of EAH encephalopathy if exuberant fluid intake combined with non-osmotic secretion of AVP occurs during prolonged physical activity. As a result, the seemingly paradoxical use of sodium supplementation as the most effective practical management therapy (IV bolus) and ineffective preventive strategy can be reconciled through a more complete understanding of the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying EAH.